Micronesia Trust Betrayed

McHenry, D.

Carnegie Endowment for Intl Peace

Israelis Speak: About Themselves and the Palestinians

Politics & Social Sciences

Fabian, Larry L

Politics & Government

Chemical Weapons and Chemical Arms Control

Labor Relations in Advanced Industrial Societies: Issues and Problems

Martin, Benjamin and Everett M. Kassalow (editors)

Business & Money

Examining the dynamic movements for self-determination that are erupting around the world, this book considers the right and wisdom of intervention to support or oppose such movements and proposes policy guidance for the US government, particularly the criteria for support groups seeking self-determination for political recognition and for non-forcible and forcible interventions.

Self-Determination in the New World Order

Halperin, Morton H.

Small, Patricia L.

Scheffer, David J.

Point of No Return: The Deadly Struggle for Middle East Peace

The Arab-Israeli peace process has reached a point of no return. Structural as well as ideological obstacles remain to a comprehensive Middle East peace--including major asymmetries between the parties. The two most critical challenges concern violent opposition in the Muslim world and Israel to the peace process and continuing instability in the Persian Gulf. Until Iraq and Iran are reintegrated into a more stable Gulf security system, their behavior poses a constant threat to the region and undermines the potential benefits of an Arab-Israeli peace. The study reviews the progress made toward peace between 1991 and 1995 and the dramatic setbacks that occurred in 1996. It also assesses the challenges ahead and provides a country-by-country analysis of criticisms of the peace process.

Kemp, Geoffrey

Pressman, Jeremy

Sociology

Paper Tigers and Minotaurs is an insider's account of national transition from a protected and state-controlled economy to one relying on free markets and open trade. Venezuela's experience with dismantling an entrenched economic structure and coping with the political consequences of a new system is a national story with international lessons. It is recounted from the author's perspective as a minister directly involved in the process, a scholar equipped to understand its broader implications, and a World Bank executive director we acquainted with the international record of economic reforms. With an eye for paradox and the unexpected, the author retraces his country's passage through the maze of surprises and dangers that beset managers of large-scale reform. Some of the dangers turn out to be roaring but harmless paper tigers; others, the unexpected and deadly minotaur capable of derailing the entire process of reform. Distinguishing one from the other, a none-too-simple task, emerges as an indispensable survival skill for reformers everywhere.Venezuela, a country boasting one of the oldest and more affluent democracies in Latin America offers a case study exemplifying the complex links between market reforms and political instability. After the painful economic shock that accompanied the launching of the reform program in 1989, Venezuela enjoyed some of the highest economic rates in the world. Yet, this once politically stable, country turned suddenly and traumatically unstable. Two violent army revolts, widespread political turmoil and the ouster of President Carlos Andres Perez suddenly transformed a glowing example of successful economic liberalization into a gloomy reminder of the political costs of market reforms.In rich and illuminating detail, the book analyzes this transformation and the consequences of the new policies that were meant to deal with the deepest economic crisis in Venezuela's history. The crisis was a classic and instructive example for governments everywhere that are undergoing the transition toward markets and away from state intervention. The author examines the initial impact of the reforms on the country's economy and the social situation, including the practical problems and the politics of implementing social "safety nets" to help the poor cope with the harsh burdens of economic adjustments. The book deals forthrightly with the central challenges to economic reform: the military and its reaction to reform and instability; the link between economic liberalization and corruption; the emergence of "media barons" as a political force brandishing unprecedented power; the inability of the government to communicate effectively with the people and build support for the reforms; the effects of the fierce rivalries that broke out among private economic groups; the demise of Carlos Andres Perez, once the most popular and powerful of the country's political leaders.This engrossing reconstruction and interpretation of the Venezuelan experience is filled with lessons, insights, and deeper questions for all who enter the labyrinth determined to distinguish between the paper tigers and minotaurs that confront economic and political change.

Paper Tigers and Minotaurs: The Politics of Venezuela's Economic Reforms

Naím, Moisés

Economics

In Afghanistan's shadow lies Baluchistan, a little known but strategically located area stretching across eastern Iran, western Pakistan and a strip of southern Afghanistan. For more than 1000 years, Baluch tribesmen have regarded this vast expanse of desert and mountains as their rightful homeland, resisting its annexation into surrounding empires. In recent decades they have fought four guerilla wars to win either autonomy within Pakistan and Iran or failing that, an independent Greater Baluchistan that would unite the five million Baluch under one flag.

In Afghanistan's Shadow: Baluch Nationalism and Soviet Temptations

Harrison, Seligs

The war in the Gulf has highlighted the dangers of the Middle East arms race and raised arms control to the top of the US policy agenda. This book explains the geographic vulnerability of the countries in the region and their dependence on military force for security. This raises a difficult political question since Washington has many friends in the region to whom it has traditionally supplied arms. The author explains that an arms control policy connot be separated from the important goal of establishing regional stability and is a necessary part of any dialogues for peace.

The Control of the Middle East Arms Race

History

Military

Contrary to the expectations of some and the hopes of many, the demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War did not bring about an era of peace and stability. Rather, conflict between and within states is commonplace, and threaten to become more violent and dangerous with the spread of unconventional arms and the means to deliver them. Important, even vital, U.S. interests could be jeopardized in such a disorderly world. As a result, questions of when, where, and how the United States ought to use military force are certain to continue to dominate the U.S. foreign policy debate. Richard Haass traces the evolution of thinking about force from medieval times to our own, taking into account new technologies, new states, new weapons, and new ideas about sovereignty and intervention. Using twelve case studies drawn from recent experiences - including Bosnia, Somalia, Panama, Grenada, Haiti and the Gulf War - he sets forth realistic political and military guidelines for U.S. military interventions ranging from peacekeeping and humanitarian operations to preventive strikes and all-out warfare. Haass then discusses how past interventions could have turned out if these guidelines had been observed. Last, he assesses where and how the United States should be prepared to use force in the future - in the Persian Gulf, the Korean Peninsula, Eastern Europe and in other situations around the world where strategic or humanitarian interests warrant. Haass also explains the political and military consequences of these commitments, and puts forward a workable division of labor among the United States, regional organizations such as NATO, and the United Nations. This book includes appendices that make readily available key documents (inclnding the U.N. Charter and the War Powers Resolution) and statements on the subject of intervention from such influential voices as Caspar Weinberger, Colin Powell, George Bush and Bill Clinton. The result is a provocative, thoughtful study that is essential for understanding the most important foreign policy question facing the United States.

Intervention: The Use of American Military Force in the Post-Cold War World

Haass, Richard N.

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Books by Carnegie Endowment for Intl Peace