Interpreting stratigraphy: Site evaluation, recording procedures and stratigraphic analysis : papers presented to the Interpreting Stratigraphy Conferences, 1993-1997 (BAR international series)

Science & Math

L Shepherd

F A Hammer

N Elsden

Hutcheson

Pr Clarke A Edinburgh

P Ashmore

Earth Sciences

Archaeopress

Argiles: De la physique du materiau a l'experimentation: Actes des journees d'etudes du Programme Collectif Argiles (2018-2020). Unite mixte de ... 7041 - ArScAn, Nanterre) (French Edition)

History

Ancient Civilizations

From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World celebrates Janet DeLaine's seminal work on Roman architecture and construction. One of the foremost scholars of the last decades, her pioneering research has offered important insights not only into individual structures in central Italy but also into the processes involved in creating ancient buildings. Her approach has provided important conceptual frameworks that have allowed scholars to understand Roman buildings in their proper social and economic contexts. The volume collects papers from an international conference held in Janet's honour at Wolfson College, Oxford, in January 2020. The various contributions focus on modelling the costs of construction over the course of 2,500 years, from Bronze Age Greece to the early Middle Ages. They discuss both broader issues of methodology and particular case studies, with particular attention to the effort needed in the different steps of architectural creation, such as the exploitation of raw materials (e.g. quarries), transport, and the construction processes on building sites. The papers not only cover a wide chronological and geographical area of the ancient world but also take up many of the themes explored by Janet throughout her career on Roman architecture, urbanism, building technologies, materials, and the principles of design. The wide range of papers reflects the scope and vibrancy of Janet's scholarship on Roman architecture and her enormous contribution to the discipline.

From Concept to Monument: Time and Costs of Construction in the Ancient World: Papers in Honour of Janet Delaine

The walled town of Bar&#257;qish in interior Yemen - ancient Yathill of the Sabaeans and Minaeans - was for Alessandro de Maigret (1943-2011) 'one of the archaeological marvels not just of Yemen, but of the entire Near East'. Established as an oasis settlement in the semi-desert depression of the Jawf, it became in the 1st millennium BCE a thriving caravan station on the 'incense' route and a famed place of worship, controlled by rich rulers and merchants. Topography and trade made it a crucible of South Arabian and foreign traditions, and on several occasions, it was a border town disputed between rival powers. A sustained archaeological effort to investigate the site and area began in 1986 by the Italian Archaeological Mission, led by de Maigret, and developed in two phases. In 1989-1992 the temple of the patron god was excavated, while between 2003-2007 a range of new excavations were undertaken, including a second temple, a sounding, a dissection of the tell's edge outside the Minaean wall, and a cemetery. Presented across two volumes, Volume 1: Excavations of Temple B and related research and restoration is particularly devoted to the temple of god &#703;Athtar dhu-Qab&#7693; (Temple B), dated to the second half of the 1st millennium BCE. Six chapters fully illustrate its excavation, architecture, restoration, findings, inscriptions, and dating. The contribution of this work and monument to regional history transcends its local significance. The report is framed by ten chapters detailing the historiography of research on Bar&#257;qish, the initial surveys carried out in 1986-1987, the architecture and restoration of Temple A together with the extramural excavation at the adjacent curtain wall, the cultic equipment, and radiocarbon datings. The nine contributors are leading scholars in the above fields and include recognized experts in South Arabian archaeology. The core of Volume 2: Extramural excavations in Area C and overview studiesis a final report on Area C, an exploratory dissection through the western edge of the Bar&#257;qish mound outside the curtain wall, and a unique operation for Yemen until now. Eight chapters detail the excavation, stratigraphy, and geoarchaeology (from about 800 BCE to the present), in addition to radiocarbon chronology, cultural finds, animal and plant remains, economy, major historical events, and unique evidence for trade. Four further chapters offer a glimpse of settlement archaeology for Sabaean Yathill and the survey of a religious centre to the west, together with a first typology of Minaean pottery and an epigraphic and political-historical overview for Bar&#257;qish and the Jawf. The contributors are recognized experts in South Arabian archaeology.

Baraqish/Yathill (Yemen) 1986-2007 (English, French and Italian Edition)

Community Archaeology: Working Ancient Aboriginal Wetlands in Eastern Australia (Access Archaeology)

Politics & Social Sciences

Anthropology

Pits and Boots derives from excavations carried out in 2007-8, in advance of an extension to the Bon Accord Centre in Aberdeen, that uncovered the backlands of an area that would have formed part of the industrial quarter of the medieval town. The site is well-dated by dendrochronology, augmented by artefactual evidence, and indicates activity from the late 12th century AD into the early modern period, with a particularly intensive period in the 13th century. Structural evidence consists primarily of the backland boundaries, hearth/ovens, several wood-lined wells and many large pits. It is the contents of these pits and wells which forms the core of this monograph. The waterlogged conditions within the pits and wells has meant that a remarkable assemblage of organic remains including leather, wooden artefacts, textiles, animal pelts, fibres, and cordage has survived. The leather assemblage is the largest ever to be found in Scotland and has revealed a range of activities associated with the use of animal hides, from hide processing to tanning and shoemaking. The wood assemblage is also extensive and includes bowls, platters, coopered vessels and tools. Metalwork, crucibles, clay mould fragments and ceramics all testify to the industrial nature of the area, while the large quantities of animal and fishbone demonstrate that butchery on an industrial scale took place in the area. The excavation charts the changing nature of this once-peripheral area of Aberdeen, from an industrial zone in the medieval period, to horticultural and domestic spaces in post-medieval times, and has thus greatly enhanced our knowledge of Scottish urban development.

Pits and Boots: Excavation of Medieval and Post-Medieval Backlands Under the Bon Accord Centre, Aberdeen

Roy, Michaël

Europe

The Romano-British Villa and Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Eccles, Kent presents a study of the central and lower Medway valley during the 1st millennium AD. It takes as its focus the Eccles Roman villa and Anglo-Saxon cemetery, excavated between 1962-1976 and directed by Alec Detsicas. An account of this important villa throughout its long history is outlined, and a re-assessment of the architectural evidence which Detsicas presented, with fresh interpretations, is provided. In the middle of the 7th century, a large Anglo-Saxon cemetery was established south of the villa. It started as a typical 'Final Phase' cemetery but continued into the late Saxon period. The evidence from the cemetery is presented as a site report, with a burial catalogue, a discussion of the grave goods and a study of the wider aspects of mortuary practice. The monograph also includes a chapter on some fragmentary Iron Age evidence and a discussion of an Anglo-Saxon timber building and its relationship to the cemetery. The evidence from the villa and Anglo-Saxon cemetery is discussed within the context of the Medway valley, which highlights the important contribution that Eccles makes to archaeological knowledge. The significance of the area is further investigated by studies devoted to the pre-English place-names of the valley and the documentary evidence of the area during the Anglo-Saxon period. The volume concludes with a general discussion, which draws together all the strands of evidence and evaluates the significance of the Medway valley during the 1st millennium AD.

The Romano-british Villa and Anglo-saxon Cemetery at Eccles, Kent: A Summary of the Excavations by Alex Detsicas With a Consideration of the Archaeological, Historical and Linguistic Context

Stoodley, Nick

Fores et Fenestrae aims to analyse Roman doors and windows and their role as an essential part of daily life. They are the structures that connect not only rooms but also houses themselves to the outside world. They relate to privacy, security, and light in domestic spaces. Until very recently, the role of doors and windows in shaping the life and structure of Roman private dwellings has been greatly underestimated. The reason for this lies primarily in the difficulties linked to their study. The low level of preservation of walls and the widespread use of perishable and recyclable materials hinder in many cases a correct assessment of these structures. To achieve greater understanding, the author followed a computational approach. The two cores of the research are the analysis of the database and the observation of results based on new 3D models. 1855 doors and windows were surveyed across eight towns of Roman imperial Italy. The information collected has been organised in a database comprised of nine tables and mined through statistical analyses. Three 3D models of different dwelling types have been generated simulating natural materials and light conditions to observe the role of doors and windows in context. The work is subdivided into three sections. The first explains the study's methodology and analyses previous scholarship on the topic, highlighting how the issue of doors and windows has often be ignored or only superficially considered. The second section collects typologies of complementary sources to better comprehend the results of the statistical analyses and to integrate the 3D models; literary, epigraphic, and visual sources are considered. To these are added the analysis of the archaeological sources. The third part constitutes the core of the analysis. It is composed of two chapters, the fi rst of which provides a detailed overview of the statistical analyses produced from the sample collected. The latter chapter investigates the results of the renders and analyses views and natural light in the Roman house.

Fores et Fenestrae: A Computational Study of Doors and Windows in Roman Domestic Space (Archaeopress Roman Archaeology, 82)

Michielin, Lucia

"Until recently, the Middle Helladic period was described as homogeneous and static. However, recent research has shown regional variability, early changes and more complexity. In Mortuary differentiation and social structure in the Middle Helladic Argolid, 2000-1500 B.C. the archaeological, anthropological and radiocarbon data from selected sites are integrated to determine if there was variation between individual burials, groupings and cemeteries and to reconstruct change through time. This work was done for selective Argive sites, namely Lerna, Asine and Aspis. The analysis has shown that in all cemeteries and through time kinship was the most important structuring principle, and age position in the kin network the most important component. Differentiation was not only observed within each burial place, but also between sites during the same period. Generally, a steady 'scaling up' can be observed, but it did not affect all sites in the same way. Changes were already underway at the beginning of the period but became intensified towards its end."

Mortuary Differentiation and Social Structure in the Middle Helladic Argolid, 2000-1500 B.C.

Milka, Eleni

Tomb of Kha-em-Hat of the Eighteenth Dynasty in Western Thebes Tt 57 (Archaeopress Egyptology, 35)

Attia, Amani Hussein Ali

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