The Knights of St John, or the Knights Hospitaller, were one of the most famous Christian military orders. Their humble origins lay in helping early pilgrims at Jerusalem from the turn of the 12th century, but they developed into a true multi-national organisation with headquarters in almost all European countries. The Priory of England was centred at Clerkenwell, London, where the surviving medieval crypt and Tudor gatehouse are well-known landmarks. Several large-scale excavations by the Museum of London in the 1980s and 90s have been combined with antiquarian surveys in this monograph to produce a remarkable picture of a priory. Founded in 1144, this highly unusual religious house evolved from a round-naved church and associated buildings into one of London's premier palatial residences. Unusually, the priory's buildings were retained after the Dissolution of the Hospitallers in 1540, becoming the residence of nobility and the location, for a while, of the Royal Master of the Revels. There was only ever one headquarters of the Knights Hospitaller in England: this book provides a fascinating blend of the history and archaeology of a unique site.

Excavations at the priory of the Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem, Clerkenwell, London (MoLA Monograph)

History

Sloane, Barney

Malcolm, Gordon

Europe

MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology)

This richly illustrated volume presents important new evidence for early modern industry and settlement at two sites in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Taken together, the Richmond and Mortlake sites provide valuable evidence of the great increase in development occurring in small towns on the outskirts of London from the mid 17th century. Excavation at 29-34 George St, Richmond also drew on a historical study of documentary evidence, showing the town's development from the 15th century onwards. Looking at several sites in Mortlake uncovered significant evidence pertaining to the post-medieval industry that arose here, and even included excavation of a First World War shell-filling factory.

Early Modern Industry and Settlement: Excavations at George Street, Richmond, and High Street, Mortlake (MoLA Archaeology Studies Series)

Hoad, Stewart

This volume challenges previous assumptions about medieval burial through comprehensive study of excavated monastic cemeteries. Some 8000 graves are analysed from more than 70 cemeteries in England, Wales and Scotland, focusing principally on medieval religious houses (c.1050-c.1600) with comparative evidence from cathedrals, parish churches and Jewish cemeteries. The book is complemented by a fully accessible, web-mounted database archived with the Archaeology Data Service. The study offers an innovative reassessment based on a multidisciplinary framework: medieval visual and written sources are used to identify the distinct temporal and spatial contexts of medieval death. This approach emphasises the sequential nature of medieval death; from the preparation of the body, through to the construction of the grave, and the performance of commemorative rites after the burial. By highlighting the sequence of events, this volume places new emphasis on the significance of social identity, the agency of mourners, and the role of the family and community in medieval burial rituals. This close empirical study prompts greater attention to the recording and analysis of coffin and grave fills, and stimulates consideration of burial as a form of popular religious practice. For the first time it has been possible to explore medieval burial as a demonstration of private and communal belief that was expressed both diversely and intimately.

Requiem: The Medieval Monastic Cemetery in Britain

Politics & Social Sciences

Gilchrist, Roberta

Archaeology

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