Images of Baseball: Mexican American Baseball in Los Angeles celebrates the flourishing culture of the great pastime in East Los Angeles and other communities where a strong sense of Mexican identity and pride was fostered in a sporting atmosphere of both fierce athleticism and social celebration. From 1900, with the establishment of the Mexican immigrant community, to the rise of Fernandomania in the 1980s, baseball diamonds in greater Los Angeles were both proving grounds for youth as they entered their educations and careers, and the foundation for the talented Forty-Sixty Club, comprised of players of at least 40, and often over 60, years of age. These evocative photographs look back on the great Mexican American teams and players of the 20th century, including the famous Chorizeros―the proclaimed “Yankees of East L.A.”

Mexican American Baseball in Los Angeles (Images of Baseball)

Arts & Photography

Balderrama, Francisco E.

Santillán, Richard A.

Foreword by Samuel O.Regalado

Photography & Video

Arcadia Publishing

In Defense of La Raza: The Los Angeles Mexican Consulate and the Mexican Community, 1929 to 1936

Administrative Law

University of Arizona Press

History

Americas

"Decade of Betrayal is a book of revelation. It documents for the first time the difficulties faced by Mexicans who were forced from their homes in the United States back to Mexico during the Great Depression. This book will set the standard by which others are compared."--Professor John R. Wunder, Department of History, University of Nebraska 
Sixty years ago the anti-immigration picture in the United States was very much the same as it is today. However, in that "Decade of Betrayal" one million Mexicans and their American-born children were rounded up and deported from the U.S. 
Decade of Betrayal: Mexican Repatriation in the 1930s is the first book to study the effects of this mass deportation on both the U.S. and Mexican economies and societies. 
As the Depression engulfed the United States in the early 1930s, fear and anxiety spread that Mexicans were taking jobs and welfare benefits away from "real" Americans. Local, state, and national officials launched massive efforts to get rid of the Mexicans. Eventually more than a million were shipped back to Mexico. 
This book carefully appraises the impact of the forced relocation on both sides of the border. Mexicans and their children were repatriated indiscriminately because it was assumed they were a costly burden to taxpayers. However, as the authors document, few socio-economic benefits were received by Mexicans. Nonetheless, a horrific toll was extracted from individuals, families, and entire barrios due to the anti-Mexican hysteria. 
In Mexico, the return of native sons and daughters and their American-born children sorely strained the social and agrarian reforms initiated by President Lázaro Cárdenas (1934-1940) and his predecessors. Prior to this study, scholars had never addressed that aspect of repatriation. 
By combining extensive archival research with oral history testimony, the authors have created a compelling narrative that blends individual recollections with scholarly interpretation. 
The decade of the 1930s was one filled with frustration and disenchantment. Reeling from the economic disorientation of the depression, Americans sought a convenient scapegoat. They found it in the Mexican community. In a frenzy of anti-Mexican activity, wholesale punitive measures were proposed and undertaken. Mexicans were deprived of jobs in the public and private sectors. Immigration and deportation laws were enacted to restrict emigration and hasten the departure of those already here. 
Clearly Decade of Betrayal will add to the current controversy surrounding U.S. immigration and economic policies. 
"One of the best studies on deportation and repatriation."--Professor Vicki Ruiz, author of Cannery Women, Cannery Lives 
"The multifaceted scholarly research presented here makes a significant contribution to the history of the 1930s."--Professor Juan Gómez-Quiñones, Department of History, UCLA

Decade of Betrayal: Mexican Repatriation in the 1930s

Rodríguez, Raymond

University of New Mexico Press

As the Depression engulfed the United States in the early 1930s, fear and anxiety spread that Mexicans were taking jobs and welfare benefits away from "real" Americans. Local, state, and national officials launched massive efforts to get rid of the Mexicans. Eventually more than a million were shipped back to Mexico.In this book the impact of the forced relocation on both sides of the border is carefully appraised. Mexicans and their children were repatriated indiscriminately because it was assumed they were a costly burden to taxpayers. However, as the authors painstakingly document, few socio-economic benefits were received by Mexicans. Nonetheless, a horrific toll was extracted from individuals, families, and entire barrios due to the anti-Mexican hysteria.In Mexico, the return of native sons and daughters and their American-born children sorely strained the social and agrarian reforms initiated by President Lazaro Cardenas (1934-1940) and his predecessors. Prior to this study, scholars had never addressed that aspect of repatriation.By combining extensive archival research with oral history testimony, the authors have created a compelling narrative that blends individual recollections with scholarly interpretation.

Business & Money

Economics

Univ of New Mexico Pr

During the Great Depression, a sense of total despair plagued the United States. Americans sought a convenient scapegoat and found it in the Mexican community. Laws forbidding employment of Mexicans were accompanied by the hue and cry to "get rid of the Mexicans!" The hysteria led pandemic repatriation drives and one million Mexicans and their children were illegally shipped to Mexico.
Despite their horrific treatment and traumatic experiences, the American born children never gave up hope of returning to the United States. Upon attaining legal age, they badgered their parents to let them return home. Repatriation survivors who came back worked diligently to get their lives back together. Due to their sense of shame, few of them ever told their children about their tragic ordeal.
Decade of Betrayal recounts the injustice and suffering endured by the Mexican community during the 1930s. It focuses on the experiences of individuals forced to undergo the tragic ordeal of betrayal, deprivation, and adjustment. This revised edition also addresses the inclusion of the event in the educational curriculum, the issuance of a formal apology, and the question of fiscal remuneration.
 "Francisco Balderrama and Raymond Rodríguez, the authors of Decade of Betrayal, the first expansive study of Mexican repatriation with perspectives from both sides of the border, claim that 1 million people of Mexican descent were driven from the United States during the 1930s due to raids, scare tactics, deportation, repatriation and public pressure. Of that conservative estimate, approximately 60 percent of those leaving were legal American citizens. Mexicans comprised nearly half of all those deported during the decade, although they made up less than 1 percent of the country's population. 'Americans, reeling from the economic disorientation of the depression, sought a convenient scapegoat,' Balderrama and Rodríguez wrote. 'They found it in the Mexican community.'"--American History

Images of Baseball: Mexican American Baseball in Los Angeles celebrates the flourishing culture of the great pastime in East Los Angeles and other communities where a strong sense of Mexican identity and pride was fostered in a sporting atmosphere of both fierce athleticism and social celebration. From 1900, with the establishment of the Mexican immigrant community, to the rise of Fernandomania in the 1980s, baseball diamonds in greater Los Angeles were both proving grounds for youth as they entered their educations and careers, and the foundation for the talented Forty-Sixty Club, comprised of players of at least 40, and often over 60, years of age. These evocative photographs look back on the great Mexican American teams and players of the 20th century, including the famous Chorizeros the proclaimed Yankees of East L.A. "

Mexican American Baseball in Los Angeles

Arcadia Publishing Library Editions

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