Achieving Software Product Quality

Erik van Veenendaal

Julie MacMullan

UTN Publishers

The initial idea for writing a new testing book came during a meeting in London with David Hayman and Chris Comey. We were developing the ISEB Practitioner course and needed some background papers. The idea evolved and with the support of many testing and software quality experts it turned into a full and new testing book. Using the ISEB Practitioner syllabus as a reference framework, I wanted to create a book that provides a comprehensive overview of the testing profession and in addition addresses a number of new testing challenges and topics. The book needed to be more than a set of independent papers. As a result many email discussions with leading experts in the testing field were held. To me this was probably the most interesting part of the editing and writing “The Testing Practitioner”. Thank you all! It is now up to the reader to test the actual outcome. I hope that many test professionals will be able to use the book as a basis from which to improve their testing skills by themselves. Other may need expert advice and assistance as well. The book may not contain all the answers you need, but it will set you off in the right direction. This book is intended to meet the practical needs of test engineers and test managers working in real-world businesses. Following the ISEB Practitioner syllabus this book addresses test principles, test process, test management, risk management, inspections and reviews, test techniques (both functional and non-functional), test process improvement, tools and people issues. My thanks is due to the individuals, who have helped me by reviewing drafts and providing valuable comments. Many thanks to Jo Cowderoy, Jackie Berkery, Sarah Farrell, Julie McMullan, Fran ’o Hara, Marc Roper and Caroline Quentin. Such merits as this book displays are in large part due to them, while its defects are of course my own. Lastly, a special thank you to the testing professionals who have gone before me. Some of these are acknowledged in the bibliography, but I recall here also all those friends, and colleagues from whom I have learned everything that I know today. Erik van Veenendaal Dommelen, The Netherlands September, 2002

The Testing Practitioner

Computers & Technology

Veenendaal, Erik Van

Programming

TMap® Test Topics describes the application of the generic test methodology TMap to current IT themes. These themes range from package implementations and data warehouses, via iterative development with components, RUP® en DSDM®, to PRINCE2®.  In addition, attention is given to themes in the field of testing itself: testing chains of systems and processes, exploratory testing, issues surrounding outsourcing and testing, and - in keeping with the current interest in IT governance - business-driven test management. The latter theme describes how the (TMap) test process is set up in such a way that the business as a client can control the test process on the basis of cost, end date, and risks. TMap® Test Topics was written for (organisations with) testers who are familiar with the TMap methodology and wish to know how to apply TMap in their specific situation. This book is based on the standard work `Software Testing, a guide to the TMap® approach´, written by Martin Pol, Ruud Teunissen and Erik van Veenendaal. A wealth of additional TMap information, including the appendices of this book, can be found on the web site www.tmap.net. By using contributions from many test experts, both authors and reviewers, this book contains the best available on the market. Final editing was in the hands of the Business Development department of Software Control, the Test and QA division of Sogeti Nederland BV. Both editors work in this department.

TMap Test Topics

Tim Koomen

Rob Baarda

TMap is a test method that can be summarised by four essential points: -The client manages the test process on rational and economic grounds: Business Driven Test Management (BDTM). -The comprehensive test process, from test execution through test management, includes ample tips and examples. -TMap contains a complete tool set , i.e. technique descriptions and organisational and infrastructure support. -TMap is an adaptive method that is suitable for test situations in most environments (such as new development, maintenance, waterfall / iterative / agile development, customised or package software, outsourcing). TMap offers the tester and the test manager guidelines to deliver results for the client. Through the years, TMap evolved into a de facto standard for testing information systems. It is currently implemented in hundreds of companies and institutions all over the world. The power of TMap can be largely ascribed to the many experiences from actual practice that it incorporates. This makes the book a valuable tool for current and future challenges in the field of testing.

TMap Next, for result-driven testing

Leo van der Aalst

Bart Broekman

Michiel Vroon

This book offers business and IT managers insight into the possibilities of exerting increased business control of the test process: Business Driven Test Management (BDTM). The concept of BDTM prioritises the result and gives the client of the test process (whether a business or IT manager) the ability to manage the risk coverage, lead time and cost of the test process in both the planning and the execution phases. The book also contains an introduction to and summary of the TMap NEXT® Test Management Approach. TMap is the industry standard for testing that can be summarised in four essential principles: - Business Driven Test Management allows the client to manage testing on the basis of business considerations. - A full description of the test process, from test management to test specification &amp; execution. - A complete 'toolbox' of technique descriptions and organisational &amp; infrastructure support. - The method is adaptive, making it suitable for use in a range of situations and environments (new development, maintenance, waterfall / iterative / agile, custom-made / off-the-shelf software, outsourcing / offshoring). Over the years, TMap has evolved into the de facto standard for testing information systems. In 2006 it was updated as TMap NEXT, incorporating user experience and feedback and many practical examples, making it a highly valuable tool for current and future challenges in the field of testing. TMap NEXT is currently used in hundreds of companies and institutions in a broad range of sectors, including financial services, telecoms, government, utilities and aerospace. In addition to a summary of the methodology, TMap NEXT BDTM features a detailed description of Business Driven Test Management and is therefore an ideal book for test managers who want to improve the quality of testing in their organisations.

TMap Next, Business Driven Test Managament

Ewald Roodenrijs

Johan Vink

Ben Visser

Chains are becoming longer and more complex all the time. The chance of faults keeps increasing while the importance of the chain's product grows. Testing chains is one of the ways to ensure the controllability of these risks. In practice, testing chains is not an easy matter due to the many parties involved - and it will only get more complex. This book describes a total approach for end-to-end testing that takes the growing scope and complexity of chains into account. The approach is based on TMap Next, Sogeti's test method. End-to-end testing with TMap NEXT® offers the test professional who faces the challenge of an end-to-end test everything he or she needs to execute the assignment successfully. Project or test managers that are responsible for managing the test will also find answers to the questions that are certain to arise while organising the end-to-end test. The great variety of topics that are discussed makes that this book is of interest to anyone involved with end-to-end testing in any way. This book is the first to describe a complete test approach to the most complex test variant there is, making it an indispensable tool for the test professional of the future.

End-to-end testing with TMap Next

Rob Smit

Over the past ten years, TPI has proved to be the leading methodology to assess the maturity of an organization s or project s test process. This is a success we, at Sogeti, are very proud of. But this success by no means implies that we are done and can rest on our laurels. Sogeti s answer to this need now lies in front of you: TPI NEXT, the Business Driven Test Process Improvement model (BDTPI)! The strengths of the original model (Key areas, Maturity levels, Checkpoints, Improvement suggestions and Stepwise improvement) have been kept and have been made even stronger. The improvements that make the new model truly business-driven are the Clusters and the Enablers. Since business drivers change over time and from entity to entity, this model is flexible and adaptable, and works in synch with Sogeti s other worldleading test methodology, TMap NEXT. But the Business Driven TPI model is independent so no matter what test method is used, this approach can be applied under any circumstance. If you have not started improving your testing process, now it is the time to begin, and, with the TPI NEXT book at hand, it is now even easier to do so and to convince all of your stakeholders of its business value. But also, if you are already on the way to improving your testing process, a close look at Business Driven TPI will help you focus even more on the goal of improving your testing process, namely bringing business value to your organization!

TPI Next - Business Driven Test Process Improvement

Sogeti

The Little TMMi – Objective-Driven Test Process Improvement provides practical support for organizations that aim at improving their test processes. TMMi is a not-for-profit independent test maturity model developed by the TMMi Foundation. Using TMMi, organizations can improve their test process and even have their test process or test organization accredited when it complies with the requirements. The most important differences between TMMi and other test improvement models are independence, compliance with international testing standards, the business-driven (objective-driven) orientation and the complementary relationship with the CMMI framework. The objective of The Little TMMi is to support (test) organizations in improving their test process, to expand the adoption of TMMi and to enhance the growth of the testing profession.The book is structured for a broad target audience. It should be part of the toolbox of everyone who needs visibility into the maturity and quality of the test processes, is affiliated with assessing the test processes or is involved in improving test processes. The Little TMMi provides: • a short and to the point overview of the TMMi model • the TMMi specific goals and specific practices • practical experiences and benefits achieved • an overview of the TMMi assessment process • guidelines for implementation and deployment • detailed insight into the relationship between TMMi and CMMI.

The little TMMi: Objective-Driven Test Process Improvement

Cannegieter, Jan Jaap

PRISMA is an approach for identifying the areas that are most important to test, i.e., identifying the areas that have the highest level of business and/or technical risk. The PRISMA approach has been developed by Improve Quality Services in practice over many years. PRISMA is currently being applied in numerous projects and organizations in a wide range of domains and lifecycles including Agile development. Today, it is taught at several universities to IT students. The PRISMA approach especially supports the test professional in performing efficient product risk identification and product risk analysis while working in close co-operation with stakeholders. It also provides guidelines to define a differentiated risk-based test approach with the flexibility to address product risk in various project environments. PRISMA can yield significant savings for an organization. Practical experience has shown over the years that benefits include improved communication with stakeholders, finding more important defects and finding them earlier in the testing, and supporting more efficient testing throughout the lifecycle. All of these aspects of PRISMA are explored in this book through the step-by-step explanation of the structured and highly practical approach for risk-based testing that is the core of PRISMA. Practical Risk-Based Testing – The PRISMA Approach provides a practical, realistic and effective way to introduce and maintain a testing approach that manages product risk, provides guidance to the testing effort and supports ongoing process improvement efforts. Risk identification, risk analysis, risk mitigation and risk monitoring (with a special focus on reporting) are explored and presented in this book. Also included is a detailed description of the process that can be followed when performing a product risk assessment using the PRISMA method. The book discusses implementation issues, process variations, e.g., for Agile, relates user experiences and closes with a number of essential lessons learned while performing PRISMA in real-life on real projects.

The PRISMA Approach: Practical Risk-Based Testing

Test Maturity Model integration (TMMi) is a not-for-profit independent test maturity model developed by the TMMi Foundation. TMMi is being applied in various domains and industries world-wide and is rapidly gaining recognition. By many test professionals it is already perceived as the de-facto standard for test improvement and assessment. Using TMMi, organizations can improve their test process and even have their test process or test organization accredited when it complies with the requirements. The most important differences between TMMi and other test improvement models are independence, compliance with international testing standards, the business-driven (objective-driven) orientation and the complementary relationship with the CMMI framework. Test Maturity Model integration (TMMi) – Guidelines for Test Process Improvement is the definitive reference for the release 1.0 of the TMMi. It provides a single source for all TMMi model information. The target audience for this book includes anyone interested in test process improvement – whether one is familiar with the concept or whether one is seeking information to get started on test improvement. It is intended for those who want an assessment to see where they are, those who already know what they want to improve, and those who are just getting started and want to develop a general understanding of TMMi. The ultimate objective of the TMMi is to improve the testing processes and thereby also improve product quality; this book contains many of the things you need to get this done.

Test Maturity Model integration TMMi: Guidelines for Test Process Improvement

Wells, Brian

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