As a consequence of the unique position of the Netherlands during the period, this is an anthology of European thought at large. Included are foreign thinkers who exercised influence on the philosophical life of the Dutch Republic & who developed their ideas through interaction with other philosophers.

Dictionary of Seventeenth and Eighteenth-Century Dutch Philosophers

Politics & Social Sciences

Philosophy

Thoemmes

David Friedrich Strauss's Das Leben Jesu kritisch bearbeitet (1835) brought about a new dawn in Biblical criticism by applying the 'myth theory' to the life of Jesus. Strauss treated the Gospel narrative like any other historical work, and denied all supernatural elements in the Gospels. Das Leben Jesu created an overnight sensation and Strauss became embroiled in fierce controversy. This earliest English version of 1846 was translated by the novelist George Eliot, and was her first published book. 
Strauss's interpretation of biblical events was a result of and a response to the attacks on orthodox Christianity brought by the Enlightenment. In the face of scepticism about such biblical events as miracles, his aim was to explain how Christians came to believe when there was no objective historical basis for their faith. Taking the resurrection as the key article of faith, his verdict was that religion was an expression of the human mind's ability to generate myths and interpret them as truths revealed by God. Influenced by Hegel and Schleiermacher, Strauss characterized Christianity as a stage in the evolution of pantheism that had reached its culmination in Hegelian philosophy. He thus created an entirely new atmosphere of scholarship on Christ's life and historical criticism of the Bible. The furore turned the Life of Jesus into a cause célébre and to German liberals Strauss became a symbol for the freedom of thought.

The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, 3 Volume Set (Continuum Classic Texts)

Strauß, David Friedrich

Biographies & Memoirs

* one of the great philosophical works of the eighteenth century* the rare and valuable first edition, reprinted in its entirety'Of the countless reprints of Scottish Enlightenment works that Thoemmes has given us, none is more welcome than this. The posthumous System was not only Hutcheson's own last word on the full range of topics that he included under the rubric "moral philosophy", but also a monumental event in the book history of the Scottish Enlightenment itself.' - Newsletter of the 18th-Century Scottish Studies SocietyFrancis Hutcheson (1694-1746) was a key figure in the Scottish Enlightenment and one of the eighteenth century's most influential philosophers. He taught Adam Smith and he greatly influenced Hume and Bentham. His theory that the only proper actions are those which will generally benefit society prepared the way for the English utilitarians. His views were extensively discussed throughout Britain and ranged as far as the American colonies, where his political theory was adopted by revolutionaries. He is best known for his contribution to moral theory, being the chief exponent of the 'moral sense' doctrine which, following Shaftesbury, emphasized feeling rather than reasoning as the source of judgements of virtue and vice.A System of Moral Philosophy was written as early as 1738, but added to and altered by Hutcheson throughout his life. Published posthumously in 1755 by Hutcheson's son, Francis the younger, the System is Hutcheson's longest work and the fullest explanation of his method. Giving a comprehensive account of morality, it includes discussions of human nature; our duties to God, to each other and ourselves; the supreme good; civil liberty; rights; contracts; marriage; the rights and duties of parents; and the laws of peace and war. The work also contains an argument against slavery that was reprinted in colonial Philadelphia and helped give academic weight to the anti-slavery movement. William Leechman, a friend of Hutcheson and Professor of Divinity at Glasgow, contributes a highly valuable biography. This edition also includes a new introduction by Daniel Carey.

A System of Moral Philosophy (Continuum Classic Texts)

HUTCHESON, FRANCIS

Tatarkiewicz's History of Aesthetics is an extremely comprehensive account of the development of European aesthetics from the time of the ancient Greeks to the 1700s. Published originally in Polish in 1962-7, it achieved bestseller status and acclaim as the best work of its kind in the world. The English translation of 1970-74 is a rare masterpiece. Covering ancient, medieval and modern aesthetics, Tatarkiewicz writes substantial essays on the views of beauty and art through the ages and then goes on to demonstrate these with extracts from original texts from each period. The authors he cites include Homer, Democritus, Plato, St Augustine, Boethius, Thomas Aquinas, Dante, William of Ockham, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Galileo, Bacon, Shakespeare and Rubens. His study is systematic and extremely wide, including the aesthetics of the archaic period, the classical period, Hellenistic aesthetics, Eastern Aesthetics, Western Aesthetics, the Renaissance, sixteenth-century visual arts, poetry and music, Italian, English, Spanish and Polish aesthetics of the sixteenth century, Baroque aesthetics, and theories of painting and architecture in the seventeeth century.Tatarkiewicz (1886-1981) was the most distinguished Polish historian of philosophy of the twentieth century, with an international reputation as an aesthetician and authority in art criticism, the history of art and classical scholarship. The erudition, lucidity and clarity of his writing make this unique work an accessible and invaluable source for the study of the history of aesthetics.

History of Aesthetics, 3 Volumes (Continuum Classic Texts)

Władysław Tatarkiewicz

The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers includes both academic and non-academic philosophers, anda large number of female and minority thinkers whose work has been neglected. It includes those intellectualsinvolved in the development of psychology, pedagogy, sociology, anthropology, education, theology, politicalscience, and several other fields, before these disciplines came to be considered distinct from philosophy in thelate nineteenth century.Each entry contains a short biography of the writer, an exposition and analysis of his or her doctrines and ideas, abibliography of writings, and suggestions for further reading. While all the major post-Civil War philosophers arepresent, the most valuable feature of this dictionary is its coverage of a huge range of less well-known writers,including hundreds of presently obscure thinkers. In many cases, the Dictionary of Modern AmericanPhilosophers offers the first scholarly treatment of the life and work of certain writers. This book will be anindispensable reference work for scholars working on almost any aspect of modern American thought.

The Dictionary Of Modern American Philosophers (4 Volume Set)

This is a two-volume work with entries on individuals who made some contribution to philosophy in theperiod 1900 to 1960 or soon after. The entries deal with the whole philosophical work of an individual or, in thecase of philosophers still living, their whole work to date. Typically the individuals included have been born by1935 and by now have made their main contributions. Contributions to the subject typically take the form ofbooks or journal articles, but influential teachers and people otherwise important in the world of philosophymay also be included. The dictionary includes amateurs as well as professional philosophers and, whereappropriate, thinkers whose main discipline was outside philosophy.There are special problems about the term "British" in the twentieth century, partly because of humanmigration, partly because of decolonialization and the changing denotation of the term. The intention has beento include not only those who were British subjects at least for a significant part of their lives (even if theymostly lived outside what is now the U.K.) but also people who spent a significant part of their lives in Britainitself, irrespective of their nationality or country of origin. In the first category are included, for instance, anumber of people who were born and educated in Britain but who subsequently taught in universities abroad.In the second category are included those who were born elsewhere but who came to Britain and contributedto its philosophical culture.

Dictionary of Twentieth-Century British Philosophers: 2 Volumes

The notion that there was a definable group of intellectuals that should be called "the Ohio Hegelians" originated with Loyd Easton's Hegel's First American Followers: the Ohio Hegelians (1966). Easton's extensive research and penetrating analysis of the lives and writings of John Stallo (1823-1900), Peter Kaufmann (1800-1869), Moncure Conway (1832-1907), and August Willich (1810-1878), persuasively demonstrated that there was a group of intellectuals in Ohio during the mid to late nineteenth century that are worthy of the attention of historians and present-day philosophers. Despite Easton's efforts, the Ohio Hegelians continue to be neglected because their writings are difficult to access, and, as with other American Hegelians, scholars know little about the complex philosophical details of the American reception of Hegel. Thoemmes continues to contribute to a recovery and more nuanced appreciation of American Hegelianism by adding the principal publications of the Ohio Hegelians, newly introduced, to its History of American Thought series. To this end, the Ohio Hegelians set includes Kaufmann's Temple of Truth (1858), Conway's The Earthward Pilgrimage (1870), and Stallo's The Concepts and Theories of Modern Physics (1882). The importance of Willich within this group, who wrote on politics as a decidedly left-Hegelian newspaper editor, is addressed in James A. Good's substantial introduction to the collection.
Volume 1: Peter Kaufmann was a Christian mystic and early utopian socialist who resourcefully adapted the ideas of Hegel and other German philosophers to his reform agenda. In his Temple of Truth he sought to reveal unassailable truth that would ground the human quest for knowledge, conceived broadly as knowledge of our environment and self-understanding. 
Volume 2: Moncure D. Conway, a southern gentlemen, transcendentalist and Unitarian minister, emerged as a leading publicist for the abolitionist movement before the Civil War and a champion of pacifism and free thought thereafter. Less philosophically ambitious than Kaufmann, the crux of Conway's oeuvre is his ongoing effort to reveal the ways in which we allow our thinking to be distorted by authoritative social and political institutions, such as slavery and organized religion, as well as personal biases. Conway's project reached its apex in The Earthward Pilgrimage, in which he parodied John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, admonishing his fellow man to confront the facts of this world rather than escape to a supernatural one that exists only in the imagination. 
Volume 3: J.B. Stallo's The Concepts and Theories of Modern Physics was hailed in 1961 by Nobel laureate Percy Williams Bridgman as a "landmark of intellectual history". The book argues that the mechanistic atomism of Newton and Descartes carried metaphysical commitments that science cannot sustain. Highly influential, it was translated into French and into German at the insistence of Ernest Mach.
three varied and influential works by American Hegelians the original texts are very rare in libraries new introduction by James A. Good

The Ohio Hegelians (History of American Thought)

History

World

By a deep and careful analysis of the text, enabling a new printing history of Leviathan to be constructed, this edition demonstrates that the traditional picture is substantially wrong. Both the Bear and Ornaments editions contain corrections and changes by Hobbes himself and are therefore central to reconstructing his text. In their substantial Introduction the editors examine all previous editions of Leviathan (as well as the manuscript copy prepared for Hobbes as a presentation copy for the King), throwing light on its history and calling into question the assumptions of previous editors. They thus provide an entirely new picture of its production. Schuhmann and Rogers also make full use of the Latin edition of Leviathan, published in 1668 when Hobbes was 80 years old. Through these new perspectives they are able to offer the first complete critical edition to take proper account of the publishing history and of Hobbes's own wishes. The result is as definitive an edition of Leviathan as modern scholarship can provide.

Leviathan (Continuum Classic Texts)

Hobbes, Thomas

Complete 3 volume set. List price - Amazon- $960.00. Set will require additional postage because of weight. "This is the single most important collection of bibliographical data on American philosophy in the modern period. No other reference work or encyclopedia has such a complete listings of both major and minor works, of no less than 800 philosophers. This three-volume set includes exhaustive listings of all works published by the thinker in question, and also lists of secondary sources. Base on holdings of the Fisher Rare Book Library in Toronto, which acquired Slater's collection some time ago that has the most extensive holdings of modern Anglo-American philosophy in the world. This will be an essential, one-stop reference for everyone researching modern philosophy, and is therefore a must-buy for all university libraries and other reference libraries with holdings in philosophy. " (Publisher)

Bibliography Of Modern American Philosophy

The British Idealist movement flourished between the 1860s and 1920s and exerted a very significant influence in the USA, Canada, and India (most notably on John Dewey and Josiah Royce), in addition to laying the groundwork for the thought of Michael Oakeshott and R.G. Collingwood. Its leading figures - particularly Thomas Hill Green and Edward Caird - have left a number of complete or near-complete manuscripts in various British university archives, many of which remain unpublished. The proposal is to widen access to this unpublished material by transcribing, editing and then publishing the most intellectually developed pieces. The project focuses on the moral, political, and religious writings. These areas are of the greatest interest to scholars.  Many of these items shed significant light on areas of their thought where these philosophers were notoriously cryptic and at key points frustratingly brief.These resources provide invaluable new insights into the thought of major figures in an intellectual movement that played a pivotal role in the development of Anglo-American philosophy and theology at the turn of the twentieth century. At present most of these papers are buried amongst incomplete and poorly developed pieces, in frequently 'challenging' handwriting. Consequently, they are very difficult to use in a scholarly fashion.  An annotated, critical edition will open them up to the scholarly community.Colin Tyler will also inspect the archives of various other British Idealists for suitable material: B. Bosanquet (Newcastle), R.B. Haldane (Edinburgh), Hetherington (Glasgow) and J.H. Muirhead (Birmingham).

Unpublished Manuscripts In British Idealism: Political Philosophy, Theology and Social Thought (2 Volumes)

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