The present edition of The Human Central Nervous System differs considerably from its predecessors. In previous editions, the text was essentially confined to a section dealing with the various functional systems of the brain. This section, which has been rewritten and updated, is now preceded by 15 newly written chapters, which introduce the pictorial material of the gross anatomy, the blood vessels and meninges and the microstructure of its various parts and deal with the development, topography and functional anatomy of the spinal cord, the brain stem and the cerebellum, the diencephalon and the telencephalon. Great pains have been taken to cover the most recent concepts and data. As suggested by the front cover, there is a focus on the evolutionary development of the human brain. Throughout the text numerous correlations with neuropathology and clinical n- rology have been made. After much thought, we decided to replace the full Latin terminology, cherished in all previous editions, with English and Anglicized Latin terms. It has been an emotional farewell from beautiful terms such as decussatio hipposideriformis W- nekinkii and pontes grisei caudatolenticulares. Not only the text, but also the p- torial material has been extended and brought into harmony with the present state of knowledge. More than 230 new illustrations have been added and many others have been revised. The number of macroscopical sections through the brain has been extended considerably. Together, these illustrations now comprise a complete and convenient atlas for interpreting neuroimaging studies.

The Human Central Nervous System: A Synopsis and Atlas

Science & Math

Voogd, Jan

Nieuwenhuys, Rudolf

Huijzen, Christiaan van

Biological Sciences

Steinkopff

This is the first book to present an overview of the exciting new cardiac imaging technique of tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDE). In order to understand the background of this technique, it is necessary to compare the physical properties of blood, which reflects ultrasound poorly but moves with high velocity (up to 150 cm/s) with those of the myocar dium, which reflects ultrasound strongly but moves with low velocity (less than 10 cm/s). In tissue Doppler imaging, existing Doppler technology has been modified to bypass the high-pass filter and enhance calculation of low velocities, thus enabling selective visualization of the myocardium rather than of the blood. Because the color Doppler tissue images are super imposed on the conventional two-dimensional ultrasound images, this technique is known as TDE. Following a brief introduction, the history of ultrasound and Doppler imaging is presented. It is now about 150 years since the death of Christian Doppler, who described the "Doppler" effect, and more than 100 years since Pierre Curie discovered the piezoelectric effects of crystals. TDE was developed by Nobuo Yamazaki and Yoshitaka Mine at the Medi cal Engineering Laboratory, Toshiba Corporation, Tochigi, Japan. En gineers involved in the development of the technique have provided important technical information, which the reader will find an invaluable background to potential applications ofTDE.

Atlas of Tissue Doppler Echocardiography ― TDE

Medical Books

Medicine

In a variety of cardiac diseases the influence of heart rate on cardiac function is altered and both heart rate and heart rate variability are of great relevance for the prognosis of cardiac patients. This book provides a summary of the current knowledge on the influence of heart rate on myocardial function and hemodynamics in non-failing and failing animal and human hearts. The subcellular and molecular alterations underlying the altered heart rate response in heart failure are discussed in detail. In addition, studies related to the impact of heart rate and heart rate variability on arrhythmogenesis and prognosis in patients with cardiac diseases are critically reviewed. Finally, the relevance of heart rate control by therapeutic interventions is also discussed. The book contains 19 different chapters written by well-known experts in this novel and clinically important field.

Heart rate as a determinant of cardiac function: Basic mechanisms and clinical significance

H. B. Stahelin "Under-or malnutrition is a frequent and serious problem in geriatric patients" (8). Today there is no doubt that malnutrition contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in the aged. The immune function is impaired, the risk for falls and fractures increases, in acute illness, recovery is delayed, and complications are frequent. Acute and chronic illnesses lead to a catabolic metabolism and hence increase the signs and symptoms of malnutrition. Cytokines related to inflamma­ tion block the synthesis of albumin and shift protein synthesis to acute phase pro­ teins. The activation of the ubiquitine-proteasome pathway leads to a degradation of muscle protein, which leads to an additional loss of muscle mass which occurs as age-dependent sarcopenia, and adds to the already existing frailty (2, 4). It is often difficult to decide to what extent the metabolic alterations result from malnutrition or concomitant illness. Psychological factors contribute as a circulus vitiosus significantly to anorexia and, thus, aggravate the condition. They are the most important causes of failure to thrive in old age (7). It is evident that next to the therapy of the underlying illness, an adequate support with calorie and nutrient intake over weeks becomes essen­ tial under these conditions. Clear-cut improvements are often only seen after 6 or more weeks. Besides a clinical, clearly visible malnutrition, selective nutrient deficits are much more frequent. Numerous and highly different mechanisms may lead to a marginal or insufficient supply with micronutrients.

Malnutrition in the Elderly

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Diseases & Physical Ailments

This book comprises the conferences and discussions presented at the 4th sym­ posium on the SEARCH FOR THE CAUSES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA, which took place in Guaruja, Brazil, November 1998. This series of symposia started in 1986, on the occasion of the 600th anniversary of the University of Heidelberg, followed by two others in 1989 and 1993. From these meeting resulted three volumes that have been widely used as a reference for comprehensive reviews on the state of the art in schizophrenia research. They reflect the progresses result­ ing from the most relevant studies on the etiology of the disease. The spirit of the 4th "Search for the Causes" remains the same: again we gathered some of the most prominent researchers on schizophrenia to contrib­ ute not only with their own data, but also summing up the state of the art and the perspectives in their areas of work. The topics covered in 6 parts are Epide­ miology, Risk factors and antecedents, Genetics, Neuropathology and neuro­ chemistry, Brain imaging and function, and Treatment and rehabilitation. In this 4th volume were introduced in each topic a chapter on the "Balance of the Cen­ tury", to summarize what did we learn (and what we did not) in the last 100 years of schizophrenia research. We hope that this volume can help us to see how far we are in the Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia and how much further we still have to go before our problem can be solved.

Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia: Vol. IV Balance of the Century

Mental Health

Die Staublungenerkrankungen Band II (Wissenschaftliche Forschungsberichte) (German Edition)

Seit 20 Jahren wird mit zahlreichen Gesetzen und Vorschriften versucht, den Anstieg der Kosten, die für die Gesundheit der Bundesbürger aufgebracht werden müssen, zu verringern. Mit dem am 1. Januar 1993 in der ersten Stufe in Kraft getretenen Gesundheitsstrukturgesetz werden diese Bemühungen fortgesetzt. Neu sind erhebliche Eingriffe des Staates in alle Bereiche des Gesundheitswesens. Die Auswirkungen für die Krankenhäuser sind in vollem Umfang immer noch nicht absehbar. Experten aus Politik, Krankenhäusern und Krankenkassen legen ihre Erfahrungen nach 2 Jahren GSG vor. Im vorliegenden Buch äußern sich Politiker zu den bisherigen Vorgaben und den beabsichtigten gesetzlichen Weiterentwicklungen. Zukunftsperspektiven des Arztes, Qualitätssicherung und Auswirkungen der neuen Entgeltformen im Krankenhaus werden dargelegt. Am Beispiel der Gefäßchirurgie werden Klinik und Organisationsmanagement vor den neuen gesetzlichen Bestimmungen vorgestellt. Angesichts der knapper gewordenen Ressourcen wird medizinisches Handeln in Zukunft vermehrt auch mit den Maßstäben der Effektivität und der Ökonomie gemessen werden müssen. Als Folge dieser Entwicklung sind medizinische Standards und Leitlinien erarbeitet worden, an denen ärztliche Tätigkeit in Zukunft orientiert werden soll. Auswirkungen dieses so bestimmten ärztlichen Handelns werden vor dem Spiegel von Qualitätssicherung und Rechtsprechung dargelegt. Im vorliegenden Buch werden die Ansichten renommierter Fachleute zu diesen Fragen vorgestellt und diskutiert.

Leitlinien in der Chirurgie vor dem Spiegel von Qualitätssicherung und Rechtsprechung: GSG-Umsetzung in der Praxis Bedeutung für die Gefäßchirurgie (German Edition)

Alterations of Excitation-Contraction Coupling in the Failing Human Heart

Crafts, Hobbies & Home

Gardening & Landscape Design

Current Cancer Research 1995

The incidence of concomitant disease in patients referred for cardiac surgery has increased substantially throughout the years. Years ago a significant proportion of patients due for cardiac surgery would not have been operated on, as the risk of concomitant disease were estimated as being too high. Over the years techniques in cardiac surgery, anaesthesiology and intensive care treatment have improved, thus, enabling us to operate on and to treat more severely ill patients and those with extraneous complications. Cardiac Surgery  and Concomitant Disease presents the current knowledge in dealing with high risk patients scheduled for cardiac surgery.

Cardiac Surgery and Concomitant Disease: Incidence, Preoperative Preparation, and Prognostic Relevance

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