OSSREA Gender Issues Research Report Series Papers 1-12

Abdel Ghaffar M. Ahmed

OSSREA

The Resolution Of African Conflicts: The Management Of Conflict Resolution & Post Conflict Reconstruction

Politics & Social Sciences

Nhema, Alfred

Social Sciences

The Management of Universal Primary Education in Uganda

Issa G. Shivji

J. C. Munene

Male perspectives and involvement in abortion decision-making processes and abortion procurement are often overlooked. Conducted in the newly created Makueni District in Kenya this study focuses on: Young men's perspectives in the causation of unwanted pregnancies; Young men's perspectives on motherhood, fatherhood and parenthood; Young men's level of involvement in abortion procurement decisions; and factors influencing involvement or non-involvement in abortion procurement decision-making processes.

Willing Fathers, Reluctant Parents: Young Men's Perspectives on Unwanted Pregnancies and Abortion in Kenya

Nzioka, Charles

When Zimbabwe attained national independence in 1980, it was "given" a constitution that had been drawn up by the British government at Lancaster House in London. This Lancaster House document has since been amended some seventeen times by the Mugabe government. Although some of the amendments were clearly necessary and aimed at redressing some of the colonial injustices, others were deliberately designed in order to ensure that the ruling Zanu PF party entrenched itself in power for the foreseeable future. This study identifies a selection of key indicators for a democratic constitution and approaches a sample of informants and respondents in order to gather their views in relation to the Constitution of Zimbabwe.

Zimbabwe: Survival of a Nation

Makumbe, John Mw

History

The international development policy agenda is currently dominated by the theme of poverty reduction. The theme has been vigorously pursued by multilateral donors, such as The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), World Bank, and others. Their assistance has also been tuned to pro-poor policy frameworks. Poverty, however, is understood mainly to be a rural phenomenon. This is based on the fact that rural poverty is widespread and pervasive and affects a large segment of the population since the majority of people in less developed countries reside in rural areas. There is, however, an increasing trend of urban growth and with it urban poverty all over the world. In Ethiopia urban poverty, in comparison to rural poverty and national level poverty, has increased over time. This has necessitated urban poverty reduction as an important area of intervention in urban development and planning. The objective of this study is to understand the livelihood situations of the poor in big and small towns, and identify the gaps and linkages between the livelihood requirements of the poor and policies at municipal level. The study was conducted in nine cities and towns of the country, including the capital city.

Livelihood and Urban Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia. Perspectives from Small and Big Towns

Gebre-Egziabher, Tegegne

Recent efforts in national planning in Kenya have sought to identify development priorities through consultations. The Government of Kenya, in its effort to eradicate poverty and to promote pro-poor growth, established the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) under the Constituencies Development Fund Act of December 2003. This study sought to investigate whether the CDF has improved the livelihoods and welfare of women and girls in the Kenyan society and whether women are being enabled to participate more visibly in the local development processes. The objectives of this study were: To investigate the needs and priorities of males and females with regard to CDF projects as perceived by them; To establish the differences that may exist between the sexes in terms of awareness of the CDF and in terms of participation in CDF management, in project identification and implementation and in other decision-making processes that determine how these funds are invested; To evaluate the distributive impact of the CDF projects in the health and education sectors; To investigate the factors or challenges for the achievement of greater parity and for the attainment of CDF objectives; and to put forward policy recommendations.

Institutions and Gender Inequality. A Case Study of the Constituency Development Fund in Kenya

Nganga, Tabitha Kiriti

The Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in Eastern and Southern Africa have been at the forefront to developing new energy policies and programmes aimed at reaching the UN goal of Ensuring Access to Clean Energy for All by 2030. In the year 2006, the East African Community passed the EAC Strategy to Scale Up Access to Modern Energy Services, committing its Member States to reach the UN goal of "access to all" by 2030. The Inter-governmental Authority for Development adopted its Environmental and Natural Resources Policy in 2007 which includes issues of renewable energy. The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa launched its Model Energy Programme in 2012, followed the same year by its comprehensive baselines database on renewable resources covering all its Member States. In the year 2009, the African Union General Assembly at its 12th Ordinary Session adopted the Policy on "Scaling Up Renewable Energy in Africa". The regional policies have been domesticated by Member Sates of the RECs. Although their targets are very ambitious, implementation programmes launched at national level are robust and producing results. Both in the policies and implementation programmes, gender issues have, however, not featured prominently. Noting this deficit, the Organisation for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa called for researchers to assess the extent to which energy policies in Eastern and Southern Africa have taken gender issues on board. This book is the product of that project. It has ten chapters that investigated the gender-energy nexus in Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Swaziland, Sudan and Kenya. The book will prove useful to all policy makers, researchers and analysts who may be interested in strengthening the gender content of the programmes as we move towards 2030. We believe it triggers and helps policy makers and researchers to create platforms to use its findings, and those of others, to see how in gender terms those at the bottom of the energy access pyramid can be factored into these programmes, to make sure they are not left behind.

The Gender-Energy Nexus in Eastern and Southern Africa

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