In coming decades, governments will be increasingly confronted with enduring societal challenges—threats to the physical environment, the management of natural resources, growing mobility and its consequences, increasing security concerns, and a gradual shift to the information society. Tackling these challenges effectively will require consistent, sustained, coordinated efforts over long periods of time. Space-based technology can help in this regard. Space technology offers inherent strengths, such as non-intrusive, ubiquitous coverage, dissemination of information over broad areas, rapid deployment, and global navigation capability. Space systems may be able to provide effective support to public action, if appropriate applications can be developed in a timely manner. Space 2030 explores the challenges for developing space-based applications. It assesses the strengths and weaknesses of the institutional, legal, and regulatory frameworks that currently govern space activities. The book concludes with an overall policy framework for governments to use when drafting policies designed to ensure that the limitless potential of space is actually realized.

Space 2030: Tackling Society's Challenges

OECD, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Literature & Fiction

OECD.

<div> This book takes stock of the progress made by OECD member countries in implementing policy reforms and suggests future priorities for each. It examines how states with weak labor utilization, as some European countries, could increase labor force participation and thus raise living standards. The publication also discusses how countries with comparatively low labor productivity, such as Japan, could reduce their income gap relative to the leading countries. It also suggests policy prioritiesfor strongly performing countries. Economic Policy Reforms provides a rich set of recent comparative indicators covering structural policy areas such as labor markets, education, and product market regulation. These indicators enable countries to see their economic performance and structural policies in comparison with others. In addition, the book contains four analytical chapters covering: Trends in product market regulation in OECD countries, including recent indicators The effectsof pension schemes on the labor-force participation of older workers The trends and determinants of the labor-force participation of women The long-term budgetary implications of tax-favored retirement saving plans </div>

Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth

Business & Money

Economics

This book reviews Finland's success in achieving balanced development over the past decade and assesses the challenges that it faces in maintaining this success. Given intense competition in both ICT and more traditional product markets, as well as rapid ageing of the population, it looks at how Finland might maintain and enhance the competitiveness of the regions that are the nation's economic drivers and how the country can promote innovation and entrepreneurship in intermediate cities particularly vulnerable to low cost competition. It also examines how Finland might facilitate growth in those regions that have potential for development, but so far have been less successful in exploiting their comparative advantages.

Finland (OECD Territorial Reviews)

OECD

Although health systems differ widely in their design, the inputs they use, and the outcomes they attain, policymakers in all OECD countries share the common goal of achieving high-performing health systems. Health and health care have improved dramatically over the past few decades, but at a cost, and public budgets are feeling the pinch. At the same time, further opportunities exist to improve the performance of health systems. Developed nations are grappling with the issues of sustainable financing, equitable access to services, better health outcomes, consumer responsiveness, and receiving maximum value for their money. This volume offers a synthesis of findings from recent OECD studies undertaken as part of the three-year Health Project, an initiative to answer many of the key questions facing today's health policy makers. It provides information and analysis on a wide variety of topics, such as new and emerging health-related technologies, long-term care, private health insurance, health care cost control, equity of access across income groups, health workforce planning and productivity, and waiting times for elective surgery. Building on international experience and grounded in new data on cross-country differences, this report offers an up-to-date map of the road to performance improvement.

Towards High-Performing Health Systems: The OECD Health Project

This book highlights the effects a looming OECD-wide "pension crisis," with the prospect of large fiscal burdens, will have on policy reform. Any significant reform is politically complicated by the prospect of lower payments and fears of pensioner poverty—and even reformed systems may not be able to deliver what they promise to their constituents. Furthermore, there are many differences among countries about how best to achieve pension policy goals. Overall, pension systems in most countries are becoming very complex, making it difficult to know how much an individual pension will be worth in the future, and where best to implement reforms. Pension Policy in OECD Countries looks at mandatory pension programs in the public and private sectors of the 30 member countries of the OECD, as well as possible safety nets for the elderly. It also provides information on the current tax rates to provide a rounded picture of the situation.

Pensions at a Glance: Public Policies Across OECD Countries

Since the launching of Sputnik in 1957, media coverage of space has focused almost exclusively on spectacular missions such as the 1969 Apollo moon landing and the current Spirit exploration of Mars. But far less publicized advances in space technologies have led to the development of sophisticated military and civil space assets—that provide a growing number of services, ranging from communication, remote sensing, and earth observation to navigation and locationbased programs. While military space assets have gained strategic prominence in the arsenals of space-faring nations, the services provided by civil space assets have a growing impact on our daily lives. What does the future hold for the space sector? What applications are most likely to become successful? Using a scenario-based approach, Space 2030 explores the evolution of major components of the space sector (military space, civil space, and commercial space) over the next thirty years. The report takes into account four major factors of change: geopolitical developments, socioeconomic developments, energy and the environment, and technology. It assesses the prospects of a number of applications, based on anticipated advancement in microelectronics, nanotechnology, and robotics, as well as space-related technologies.

Space 2030: Exploring the Future of Space Applications

Politics & Social Sciences

Social Sciences

The 2006 edition of Education at a Glance enables countries to see themselves in the light of other countries' performances. It provides a rich, comparable, and up-to-date array of indicators on the performance of education systems and represents the consensus of professional thinking on how to measure the current state of education internationally. The indicators look at who participates in education, what is spent on it, and how education systems operate and the results achieved. New material in this edition includes • further analysis of results of the 2003 survey of the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) • trend data on tertiary qualifications, including projections for the year 2014 • trend data on survival rates in tertiary education • the impact of demographic trends on education systems, as well as projections on expenditure for the year 2015 • trend data on expected years of education • instruction time per subject for 9-to-14-year-olds • a picture of student mobility and the significance of internationalization of higher education The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and charts in this book are available via the STATLinks printed in this book.

Education at a Glance 2006: OECD Indicators (EDUCATION AT A GLANCE OECD INDICATORS)

Science & Math

Mathematics

The OECD is one of the five organizations that are directly involved in defining the System of National Accounts, by which such aggregates as GDP or GNI are calculated at the world level. In easily understood language, the authors of this book—current and former heads of national accounts at the OECD—explain GDP and GNI, what their components are, what they mean, and how they are used. Opening with a chapter showing how national accounts concepts relate to macroeconomics, the books goes on to systematically deal with volume and prices, international comparability, production, final uses, household accounts, business accounts, government accounts, and financial accounts. It also has a chapter on how national accounts data are gathered and the history of the national accounts system. Three special chapters examine national accounts in China, India, and the United States. Supplementary materials are available online at www.SourceOECD.org/ understandingnationalaccounts.

Understanding National Accounts

Lequiller, François

Blades, Derek

The 2007 edition of Education at a Glance enables countries to see themselves in the light of other countries' performances. It provides a rich, comparable, and up-to-date array of indicators on the performance of education systems around the world. It represents the consensus of professional thinking on how to measure the current state of education internationally. The indicators look at who participates in education, what is spent on it, how education systems operate, and what the results have been. Results are measured on a wide range of outcomes, from comparisons of student performance in key subject areas to the impact of education on earnings to adults' chances of employment. New material in this edition includes • public spending efficiency • contractual arrangements for teachers • evaluation policies for public (private) schools The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and charts are available via the StatLinks printed in the book.

Education at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators (EDUCATION AT A GLANCE OECD INDICATORS)

Education & Teaching

Schools & Teaching

OECD Factbook 2006 is the second edition of a comprehensive and dynamic new statistical annual. More than 100 indicators cover a wide range of areas: economy, agriculture, education, energy, environment, foreign aid, health and quality of life, industry, information and communications, population/labor force, trade and investment, taxation, public expenditure, and R&D. Data are provided for all OECD member countries and for selected nonmember economies.    Each indicator is provided with a detailed definition, an assessment of long-term trends, a data table, and a graph that provides the key message conveyed by the data. A dynamic link directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available.    OECD Factbook 2006 is a key reference tool for anyone working on economic and policy issues.

OECD Factbook 2006

Reference

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