<p>Excerpt from the Executive Summary: Subsidies are a prime feature of our economic landscape. That much is well understood. Not so widely recognized are "perverse" subsidies, definable here as exerting adverse effects on both the economy and the environment in the long run. This report documents the problem of perverse subsidies in five main subsidy sectors: agriculture, fossil fuels/nuclear energy, road transportation, water and fisheries. Total subsides in these sectors, plus a few others, have long been thought to be around $1 trillion worldwide per year, which means that subsidies play a prime role in the functioning of the global economy. If perverse subsidies amount to a sizeable proportion of subsidies overall, they exert a significantly distortive impact on the global economy.</p>

Perverse Subsidies: Taxes Undercutting Our Economies and Environments

Norman Myers

Jennifer Kent

International Institute for Sustainable Development

In this book, the author describes the theoretical basis of appreciative inquiry, shows practitioners how to use it, and provides case studies of its application in the developing world. By using the appreciative process, participants identify achievements and reinforce strenghts through relection and goal setting. They establish a shared vision of the future and develop practical strategies for achieving it. This process has been used by large corporations to position themselves for the 21st. century. Applied to communities in the developing world, Dr. Elliott chows how appreciative inquiry helps local people empower themselves and think passionately about their future.

Locating the Energy for Change: An Introduction to Appreciative Inquiry

Business & Money

Charles Elliott

Management & Leadership

In December 1994 at the Summit of the Americas, heads of state from 34 countries throughout the hemisphere agreed to construct the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), a trading bloc stretching from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, by the year 2005 as part of a larger Integration of the Americas. But could these new trade rules promote, instead of prevent, sustainable development in the Americas? If so, how? This book examines global and subregional trade agreements and reviews trade, environment and social regimes in the Americas. By applying IISD's Winnipeg Principles on trade and sustainable development, this summary describes how trade rules can support sustainability and makes recommendations for those involved in the FTAA debates.

Trade rules and sustainability in the Americas

Segger, Marie-Claire Cordonier

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Books by International Institute for Sustainable Development