Particle accelerators are essential tools for scientific research in fields as diverse as high energy physics, materials science and structural biology. They are also widely used in industry and medicine. Producing the optimum design and achieving the best performance for an accelerator depends on a detailed understanding of many (often complex and sometimes subtle) effects that determine the properties and behavior of the particle beam.Beam Dynamics in High Energy Particle Accelerators provides an accessible introduction to the concepts underlying accelerator beam line design and analysis, taking an approach that emphasizes the elegance of the subject and leads into the development of a range of powerful techniques for understanding and modeling charged particle beams.Basic ideas are introduced from the start using an approach that leads logically into the development of more advanced concepts and techniques. In particular, linear dynamics is treated consistently using a Hamiltonian formalism, which provides a suitable foundation for not only perturbation theory, but also for more modern techniques based on Lie operators.

BEAM DYNAMICS IN HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Science & Math

Wolski, Andrzej

Experiments, Instruments & Measurement

Imperial College Pr

The concept of open innovation has become increasingly popular in the management and policy literature on technology and innovation. However, despite the large volume of empirical work, many of the prescriptions being proposed are fairly general and not specific to particular contexts and contingencies. The proponents of open innovation are universally positive but research suggests that the specific mechanisms and outcomes of open innovation models are very sensitive to context and contingency. This is not surprising because the open or closed nature of innovation is historically contingent and does not entail a simple shift from closed to open as often suggested in the literature. Research has shown that patterns of innovation differ fundamentally by sector, firm and strategy. Therefore, there is a need to examine the mechanisms that help to generate successful open innovation. In this book, the authors contribute to a shift in the debate from potentially misleading general prescriptions, and provide conceptual and empirical insights into the precise mechanisms and potential limitations of open innovation research and management practice.

OPEN INNOVATION RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE (Series on Technology Management, 23)

Business & Money

Management & Leadership

The past few centuries have seen an enormous increase in living standards in many parts of the world and these economies have become more complex than ever before. At the same time, progress in science and technology has reached unprecedented heights, taking us far beyond the wildest dreams of a few generations ago. Questions as to how science, technology and the economy interact are pertinent and important ones, whose partial answers require a view "from across the fence" between disciplines.This book provides an introduction to the vast and varied field of the economics of science. It is a unique blend of an economic perspective on the way science works, what makes scientists tick, and a study of the impact of scientific and technological progress on economies and their growth. Whether it is about the speculative market of ideas or science and technology as engines of the economy, there is something here for economists, engineers and scientists alike.

FROM SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS TO ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE ECONOMICS AND ECONOMY OF SCIENCE (Between Science and Economics)

Witte, Frank

Economics

Physics With Trapped Charged Particles: Lectures From The Les Houches Winter School

This book is a collection of articles on Physics with Trapped Charged Particles by speakers at the Les Houches Winter School. The articles cover all types of physics with charged particles, and are aimed at introducing the basic issues at hand, as well as the latest developments in the field. It is appropriate for PhD students and early career researchers, or interested parties new to the area.

PHYSICS WITH TRAPPED CHARGED PARTICLES: LECTURES FROM THE LES HOUCHES WINTER SCHOOL

Richard C Thompson, Martina Knoop & Niel

Physics

We are increasingly seeing computer systems which are expected to function without operator intervention. This is perhaps acceptable for running computer networks or traffic lights; however, we are now seeing computer systems deployed to qualitatively influence human judgments such as rulings on legal disputes or fitness for work to evaluate disability benefits. In keeping with the precautionary principle, it is important that those who are developing this capability - technologists and scientists - think through its potential implications. The aim of this book is to explore the technological and social and implications of computers and robots becoming increasingly 'aware' of their environment and the people in it, and their being increasingly 'self-aware' of their own existence within it. The wide-ranging scope of the text covers three different angles of the concept of 'the computer after me': (1) the next generation of computationally powerful aware systems; (2) systems in which the computer is aware of qualitatively impact human concerns such as law, health and rules; and (3) computers and robots which are aware of themselves.

COMPUTER AFTER ME, THE: AWARENESS AND SELF-AWARENESS IN AUTONOMIC SYSTEMS

Computers & Technology

Jeremy Pitt

Computer Science

This path-breaking book reinterprets Chinese medicine using the approach of the philosophy of science in a manner that strikes common ground with biomedical science. It strips Chinese medical theory of the mystique and metaphysical pretentions that too often plague the discipline, presenting this theory as being derived from empirical observations and clinical findings. Concepts like qi and phlegm and vital organs like the shen (kidney) are interpreted, not as physical entities with defined measurable properties, but as constructs to facilitate the application of models for diagnosis and therapy. The author evaluates the five-element model and the diagnostic-therapeutic paradigm of Chinese medical syndromes, and suggests how these heuristic models can be subjected to clinical trials. Principles governing the use of herbal, acupuncture, tuina and qigong therapies are elucidated and critically examined. Written for medical professionals, philosophers of medicine and discerning readers interested in alternative therapies, the book also has practical chapters on the placebo effect and Chinese medical treatment of chronic illnesses, and a useful compilation of common Chinese herbs and formulations.

THEORY OF CHINESE MEDICINE, THE: A MODERN INTERPRETATION

Health, Fitness & Dieting

HONG, HAI

Alternative Medicine

Systems Biology of Clostridium provides a comprehensive overview of system biology approaches in clostridia, especially Clostridium acetobutylicum. Systems biology is a rapidly evolving scientific discipline that allows us to understand and predict the metabolism and its changes within the bacterium as a whole.Clostridia represent one of the largest bacterial genera. This group contains organisms with metabolic properties that hold enormous potential for biotechnological processes. A model organism is Clostridium acetobutylicum that has been, and is still used in large-scale industrial production of the solvents acetone and butanol. Systems biology offers a new way to elucidate and understand the complex regulatory network controlling the different metabolic pathways and their interactions. All aspects from the development of appropriate experimental tools to mathematical modeling are covered, including a fascinating historical account on acetone-butanol fermentation in World War II.Written by world-class experts in their fields, Systems Biology of Clostridium is an essential source of reference for all biologists, biochemists, chemists, and chemical engineers working on biotechnological fermentations or industrial applications, as well as biofuels.

SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF CLOSTRIDIUM

Peter Durre

Biological Sciences

This book brings together 30 papers commissioned from 2011 to 2013 by the EU-funded Europe–China Research and Advice Network (ECRAN). These papers, thematically grouped in sections on economics, society and politics, were written by some of the world's leading China experts in Europe, and give a European perspective of this complex relationship. The papers provide a broad overview of how Europeans see the key challenges currently faced by China and Europe as well as a unique insight into the related policy aspects of the vexed and complex relationship of the two largest trading partners in the world. The EU–China Relationship: European Perspectives is written in a highly pragmatic manner, focusing on specific political, economic and social issues that impact on international relations. It is an essential EU toolkit and policy handbook for academics and policy makers in government and business who are engaging with China, not just in the EU but across the world. Readership: Academics, policy makers, business and government agencies interested in International and Bilateral relations concerning China and Europe.

EU-CHINA RELATIONSHIP, THE: EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVES - A MANUAL FOR POLICY MAKERS

Kerry Brown

4D VISUALIZATION OF MATTER: RECENT COLLECTED WORKS OF AHMED H ZEWAIL, NOBEL LAUREATE

Ever since the beginning of mankind's efforts to pursue scientific inquiry into the laws of nature, visualization of the very distant and the very small has been paramount. The examples are numerous. A century ago, the atom appeared mysterious, a “raisin or plum pie of no structure,” until it was visualized on the appropriate length and time scales. Similarly, with telescopic observations, a central dogma of the cosmos was changed and complexity yielded to simplicity of the heliocentric structure and motion in our solar system.
For matter, in over a century of developments, major advances have been made to explore the inner microscopic structures and dynamics. These advances have benefited many fields of endeavor, but visualization was incomplete; it was limited either to the 3D spatial structure or to the 1D temporal evolution. However, in systems with myriads of atoms, 4D spatiotemporal visualization is essential for dissecting their complexity. The biological world is rich with examples, and many molecular diseases cannot be fully understood without such direct visualization, as, for example, in the case of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The same is true for phenomena in materials science, chemistry, and nanoscience.
This anthology is an account of the collected works that have emerged over the past decade from Caltech. Through recent publications, the volume provides overviews of the principles, the electron-based techniques, and the applications made. Thanks to advances in imaging principles and technology, it is now possible with 4D electron microscopy to reach ten orders of magnitude improvement in time resolution while simultaneously conserving the atomic spatial resolution in visualization. This is certainly a long way from Robert Hooke's microscopy, which was recorded in his 1665 masterpiece Micrographia.

Zewail, Ahmed H.

Chemistry

Despite their similar political and economic structures, Brazil and the United States have contrasting relationships with the international community as well as different policy approaches to the prevention and treatment of epidemics. In this regard, an interesting empirical puzzle arises: how and why was Brazil able to outpace the United States in its health policy response to epidemics? The aim of this book is to introduce a new, comparative area of scholarly research, combining for the first time international relations and domestic institutional theory to examine the United States and Brazil's health policy systems and their respective responses to epidemics. Conclusions are drawn from an in-depth examination of the actions taken and policies made with regard to tuberculosis, polio and Hiv/Aids epidemics in the two countries. Finally, the questions of what emerging Brics nations can learn from the case of Brazil and to what extent they can adopt Brazil's innovative institutional and policy response to epidemics is considered, with a look to the future of global health diplomacy. This is the first book of its kind to compare the United States and Brazil in such a way, as well as the first to consider what other emerging Brics countries can learn from Brazil. This fascinating comparison is a must-read for health policy and medical practitioners, academic scholars and students, and the general public with an interest in the international and domestic political conditions leading to policy adoption and implementation.

CONTESTED EPIDEMICS: POLICY RESPONSES IN BRAZIL AND THE US AND WHAT THE BRICS CAN LEARN

Medical Books

Gómez, Eduardo J.

Administration & Medicine Economics

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