The aim of this book is to discuss the effectiveness of the role of audit committees (AC) in Yemeni commercial banks, by investigating the basic requirements for them to effectively carry out their primary roles. Also, to check the extent of audit committees' roles in strengthening the independence of external auditors, and their contributions in enhancing the financial reports quality. It examines the extent to which financial institutions, including commercial banks, benefit from effective audit committees. It also offers recommendations on how AC can be more effective. Lastly, the book includes a detailed examination of the characteristics that members of ACs should have in order to be able to perform their duties as required.

Audit committees in commercial banks: evidence from Yemen

Business & Money

Zhu, Jinyu

Hazaea, Saddam A.

Al-Sharabi, Nabil

Accounting

Eliva Press

Phonological and Lexical Innovation of Arabic Loanwords is designed to maintain second and third language learners' difficulties at all levels. It is basically expected to be beneficial for teachers, who are teaching in these areas, in which English is primarily taught as a second or third language. The author's approach is mainly to contextualize theories beginning with a brief history of the targeted languages and supported that by providing fundamental corpus to exemplify claims. The book is divided into two phases. The first section covers phonological changes of Arabic loanwords in Beja Language with innovations in word pattern and phonemes. The second section concludes with rationales behind types of borrowing lexis from other languages as well as semantic changes that occur in overall meanings of each borrowed or loaned term. The books state recommendations to text book designers.

Phonological and Lexical Innovation of Arabic Loanwords

Abdullah, Hassan Ali Adrob

The world's collective efforts to advance the goals of sustainable development are failing to produce results at the rate that they needed to prevent devastating levels of greenhouse gas emissions. In spite of the declaration of Paris Agreement in December 2015, the countries in line to be the next biggest polluter are becoming more numerous. The current titleholder is China, whose rapid economic growth resulted in a 100-fold increase of total greenhouse gas emissions in just 60 years. The manufacturing of such commodities as iron and steel is regarded as the primary source of emissions, accounting for 47% of the country's total emissions. The sustainable development challenges of the Chinese iron and steel industry (CISI) are not contained within its borders: the industry controls approximately half of the global market for steel products as the lowest-price supplier. This report examines the viability of using external measures to realign the CISI and industries of similar characteristics with sustainability. While a range of global regulatory instruments are viable candidates for this investigation, anti-dumping is an ideal instrument for this study due to its proven firm-level impacts, the extent of its usage, and its broad applicability through the WTO. While anti-dumping measures (ADMs) as an external regulatory mechanism are certain to have an impact on CISI, their conventional application remains insufficient. Thus, the modification proposed in this report targets both material injuries to importing economies' industries and irresponsible production methods that cut costs by means of egregious environmental degradation. This report provides the basis for a modified approach to ADMs entitled "Carbon-adjusted Dumping Margin." The search for an agreeable proposal for the creation of a carbon pricing mechanism is building momentum in both research and policy spheres. Emission trading schemes like that in Europe and efforts to create a smart green tax to account for greenhouse gas emissions are attracting attention and being experimented with around the world, including China. To contribute to such endeavors, this report introduces an ambitious yet necessary idea to ongoing research and development in global carbon pricing mechanisms.

Using Modified Anti-Dumping Mechanisms for Sustainable Development: The Case of the Chinese Iron and Steel Industry

Lee Soo-Hyun

Choi, Hyeonjung

This book explores the unique educational achievement routes of selected rural-origin first generation students (FGSs) in South Africa. The study aimed to understand the family-, social-, community-, and school experiences and paths of three rural-origin FGSs who were able, successfully, to enter university study. This study applied a combined theoretical framework of Bourdieu's notion of cultural capital, Yosso's (2005) Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) framework and the Figured Worlds theory (Holland et al., 1998), to address the main research question of this study, which is: How do first generation students from a rural town construct their educational achievement routes during their high school years to gain access to university? The methodological research design employed for this study was qualitative, based on an interpretive phenomenological research approach. This approach is characterised by its central focus on the lived experiences of the research participants. For this reason, it was chosen as the most suitable approach to understand the nuanced educational achievement routes that the individuals in this study had to establish as aspirant FGSs, growing up in a rural and impoverished small town environment. The data collection method used was the indepth semi-structured interview. The most important finding of this study was that unlike the other young people from their rural home environs, the FGSs in this study demonstrated resilience to the restrictive environmental influences around them. Their educational paths were grounded in their ability to use their capitals and community cultural wealth to recognise and utilise the opportunities for educational achievement both outside (in their family-, social-, and community environments) and inside the school. These students used their agency to mobilise the resources in these environments to shape their educational subjectivities in a way that led to them becoming academic achievers, which enabled their entry into the Figured World of educational achievement operating within their high school.

How Do Those Left Behind Succeed?: An Investigation Into the Educational Achievement Routes of First Generation Students in a Rural Town

Education & Teaching

Januarie, Venita

Schools & Teaching

El presente libro va dirigido a exponer brevemente la investigación que hemos realizado de la motivación humana, tanto en un plano teórico como empírico, a partir de la década del 70 del pasado siglo, en que la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de la Habana, Cuba, nos envió, por un año, a estudiar a Lovaina, Bélgica, bajo la dirección del profesor J. Nuttin. Nuestro enfoque teórico ha ido dirigido a integrar diferentes y opuestas concepciones sobre la motivación humana, que han predominado durante el siglo XX y hasta el presente. Realizamos una asimilación crítica de valiosos aportes de la psicología mundial, del enfoque psicoanalítico, de la escuela conductista, de la histórico cultural, de la teoría del campo, de la psicología cognitiva, y de la humanista. En Lovaina, bajo la dirección del profesor Nuttin, nos iniciamos en el estudio del Método de Inducción Motivacional (MIM), creado por dicho profesor Cuando regresamos a la Habana nos dedicamos a emplear este método y constatamos sus valores positivos y sus limitaciones y para superarlas elaboramos otros cuestionarios que integraban diferentes métodos, a los cuales llamamos RAMDI (Registro de la Actividad y Método Directo e Indirecto). Primero este cuestionario fue abierto y después se convirtió en un cuestionario cerrado que se emplea para precisar el grado de desarrollo de la motivación de un individuo y de un grupo. Estas investigaciones empíricas orientaron y en parte, pusieron a prueba, nuestras conclusiones teóricas.

Psicología de la Motivación: Una teoría integradora (Spanish Edition)

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Gonzalez Serra, Diego Jorge

Psychology & Counseling

This book presents a novel standpoint concerning contemporary physics, namely, quantum mechanics with a view toward algebraic geometry. As is well-known, algebraic geometry is the study of geometric objects delineated by polynomials, and the polynomial representations are ubiquitous in physics. For this reason, quantum mechanics is also an object of algebraic geometry. An example is the eigenvalue problem. It is a set of polynomial equations and has traditionally been the question of linear algebra. However, the modern method of computational algebraic geometry accurately unravels the information encapsulated in the polynomials. This approach shall not remain as a plaything. It has betokened an innovative style of electronic structure computation. The objects of this new method include the simultaneous determination of the wave-functions and the movements of nuclei, or the prediction of the required structure that shall show the desired property. Accordingly, this book explains the basic ideas of computational algebraic geometry and related topics, such as Groebner bases, primary ideal decomposition, Dmodules, Galois, class field theory, etc. The intention of the author is, nevertheless, not to give an irksome list of abstract concepts. He hopes that the readers shall use algebraic geometry as the active tool of the computations. For this reason, this book abundantly presents the model computations, by which the readers shall learn how to apply algebraic geometry toward quantum mechanics. The readers shall also see the modern computer algebra could facilitate the study when you would like to apply abstract mathematical ideas to definite physical problems.

Quantum Mechanics built on Algebraic Geometry: Emerging Physics through Symbolic Computation

Science & Math

Kikuchi, Akihito

Mathematics

Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is a way of examining the costs and health outcomes of one or more interventions. It compares an intervention to another intervention (or the absence of intervention) by estimating how much it costs to gain a unit of a desired health outcome such as a year of life gained, a case of disease cured, or a life saved. Cost-effectiveness analysis provides information on health impacts and costs of an intervention compared to an alternative intervention (or the absence of intervention). Results are presented as a cost-effectiveness ratio which is the is the cost of an intervention divided by changes in health outcomes. Examples include cost per year of life gained, cost per case cured, and cost per life saved. Interventions can then be compared in terms of cost per unit of effectiveness. This handbook covers the types of outcomes used in CEA analyses, the creation of counterfactuals to model the absence of an intervention, building models of program outcomes and costs, accounting for uncertainty in models using fuzzy numbers and fuzzy arithmetic, the types of costs that need to be considered in cost-effectiveness analyses, detailed methods and tools needed to collect and work with costs data from a variety of sources, and guidance on interpreting cost-effectiveness estimates. A method of cost-effectiveness analysis for community management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) programs is presented including worked examples from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya and Nigeria.

A simple approach to cost-effectiveness analysis of community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) Programs: A Handbook

Myatt, Mark

Puett, Chloe

Fotso, Jean Christophe

Guevvara, Ernest

Bulti, Assaye

Management & Leadership

La objeción de conciencia es una cuestión en continuo debate entre los profesionales sanitarios. Se define como la decisión personal de negarse a realizar una determinada actividad, jurídicamente exigida, siguiendo un mandato de carácter moral. La objeción cuenta con un amplio reconocimiento legal y deontológico. El objetivo principal del trabajo es analizar la trascendencia, magnitud y significado real de la objeción de conciencia en la práctica clínica diaria desde el punto de vista médico.

Objeción de conciencia en el ámbito médico asistencial: Análisis de la situación actual en España (Spanish Edition)

Politics & Social Sciences

Delgado, Sergio Cerrato

Social Sciences

Climate change is a severe global environmental problem threatening the sustainability of ecosystems worldwide and causing major catastrophes. Mitigation of climate change requires the sharp decrease of GHG emissions into the atmosphere and many countries are targeting to become carbon neutral by 2050. Buildings utilize large amounts of energy while in Europe they consume 40% of the overall energy use. European directives and legislation in member states promote the increase in energy efficiency and performance of public and private buildings transforming them to "nearly zero energy buildings". These green buildings have lower energy consumption, utilize less fossil fuels, more renewable energies while they emit less GHGs. A slightly different concept to "nearly zero energy building" is the concept of green "zero carbon emissions building". These types of energy efficient and green buildings utilize renewable energies to generate the required heat zeroing their carbon emissions. They also generate "green electricity" for their own consumption while they offset annually the grid electricity use. Current advances in various benign renewable energy technologies allow their use for heat, cooling and electricity generation in buildings. Many of these technologies are mature, reliable and cost-effective. They can be used for green energy generation either on-site or off-site while they can also recharge the electric car's batteries owned by the building's residents. The book consists of two parts. The first part includes six papers related with the creation of zero carbon emissions green residential buildings. The second part includes eight papers related with the creation of other types of energy efficient ZCEBs including hospitals, schools, offices, academic institutions, prisons, museums and swimming pools. The book could be useful to architects, engineers, building construction companies and companies manufacturing and installing various renewable energy systems. It could be also useful to public authorities interesting to improve the energy performance in public buildings as well as to policy makers who want to decrease the carbon emissions in the building sector complying with the global efforts for climate change mitigation.

Energy Efficient Buildings: The Concept of Zero Carbon Emissions Green Building

Vourdoubas, Ioannis S.

Earth Sciences

CFD Modeling of Turbulence in Channels of Plate Heat Exchangers

Mandic, Dragan N.

Technology

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