<p><div>Popular rebellion in China was usually the undertaking of the mostly illiterate lower classes, sometimes inspired or assisted by a handful of disaffected intellectuals. The written record of these events is, on the other hand, overwhelmingly the product of literate men of power and wealth who suppressed these challenges to their authority and status. Added to this imbalance in the written record, an inverse problem has emerged in twentieth-century characterizations by historians in the People's Republic of China. Communist historiography classifies these events as peasant uprisings (<i>nung-min chi'i-i</i>, literally "righteous uprisings of the peasantry") in an attempt to construct a new, popular, and progressive past.</div> <div>Charting a course between these two modes, <i>Rebellion in Nineteenth-Century China</i> discusses domestic disorder with more nuance, considering the sources of social dissidence, the varieties of domestic rebellion, the responses of the state and society to such uprisings, and the consequences of rebellion and suppression for a dynasty already shaken by foreign invasion. Emphasizing the number and variety of these uprisings, Feuerwerker places them within a hierarchy of dissidence that distinguishes between 1) spontaneous, usually small-scale and local antiofficial or antilandlord actions, 2) interlineage and communal "feuds", 3) the religion and secular "underworld", 4) banditry, 5) rebellion, and 6) revolution. By distinguishing their contexts and causes, Feuerwerker describes and analyzes as one broad social phenomenon a remarkable number and variety of unsuccessful challenges to the Manchu regime.</div></p>

Rebellion in Nineteenth-Century China (Volume 21) (Michigan Monographs In Chinese Studies)

History

Feuerwerker, Albert

Asia

Center for Chinese Studies/University of Michigan

<p><div>The Chinese term <i>ch'ien-chuang</i> translates literally as "copper shop" denoting a place for the exchange of copper monies. In Shanghai, the term <i>ch'ien-chuang</i> referred to a number of financial institutions which performed different functions. Some were simply exchange shops as their name implied, while others, the subjects of this study, served as commercial banks. They accepted deposits, made loans to merchants, and issued commercial paper including promissory notes and bills of exchange.</div> <div>The Shanghai <i>hui-hua chi'ien-chuang</i> are an example of a traditional institution which was strengthened by contact with modern outside influence rather than destroyed by it. When their position weakened seriously in the early 1930s, the cause could not be directly attributed to the "Western impact." The direct blow to the <i>ch'ien-chuang</i> power came from the Nationalist Government. Indirectly, the forces set in motion by the Western impact contributed to the weakening of the <i>ch'ien-chuang</i>. <i>Shanghai Old-Style Banks</i> focuses on these traditional institutions in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, from around 1800 to 1935, and attempts to understand the phenomenon of a traditional institution growing in strength in the midst of "modern" influence. [1]</div></p>

Shanghai Old-Style Banks

Politics & Social Sciences

McElderry, Andrea Lee

Social Sciences

Career Patterns in the Ch'ing Dynasty: The Office of Governor-general (Michigan monographs in Chinese studies, 51) (Volume 51)

Biographies & Memoirs

Chu, Raymond W.

Saywell, William G.

Community & Culture

Citizens and Groups in Contemporary China (Michigan Monographs In Chinese Studies) (Volume 56)

<p>Product Description      Citizens and Groups in Contemporary China began with two symposia held in 1977 and 1978. The first, a workshop on “The Pursuit of Interest in China,” was held in August 1977 at the University of Michigan, and was organized by Michel Oksenberg and Richard Baum. It was supported by a grant from the Joint Committee on Contemporary China of the Social Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies, using funds provided by the Andrew Mellon Foundation. Its principal goal was to use detailed case studies to explore the relevance of interest group approaches to the study of Chinese politics. The second, a panel organized by the editor for the 1978 Chicago meeting of the Association of Asian Studies, sought to apply participatory approaches to the role of social groups in the Chinese political process. The striking degree of overlap in the focus, methodology, and participants in both meetings suggested to a number of the paper writers that there was a need for a more eclectic approach which would focus simultaneously on individual and group actors. The recognition that a volume based on such an approach might serve the needs of students and scholars seeking to examine the dynamics of informal influence and power in China was the stimulus for publishing the studies presented here in book form. [ix]      About the Author      Victor C. Falkenheim is Professor Emeritus of Political Science and East Asian Studies at the University of Toronto.</p>

Citizens and Groups in Contemporary China (Volume 56) (Michigan Monographs In Chinese Studies)

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