Most have heard of the story of Jamestown. Pocahontas saves John Smith and the rest of the colony from starvation in a romantic bedtime story. But there is a version not often told. A story of extreme violence and retribution as Pocahontas’s uncle rose to power among the Powhatan people and led his people in the deadliest assault ever carried out by an indigenous group against a European settlement, before or since. It is a story of revenge and genocide. This is the story of the Powhatan War of 1644. Most studies focusing on this Third Anglo-Powhatan War have been no longer than two paragraphs in length, about the size of an encyclopedia entry. Read as an epitaph of the Powhatan people rather than as a turning point, the Powhatan Nations usually fade from the view of history following this poorly understood war. In the world's first book-length study of the Third Anglo-Powhatan War, award winning historian Lars C. Adams brings forth new documentation and greater detail than ever before, illuminating a lost chapter in North American history. To indigenous people in Virginia whose present reservations and land bases stem directly from the ultimate results of this war, this narrative challenges the popular notion that Pocahontas’s people invited the newcomers with open arms. The message they sent was clear. You are no longer welcome in our land. In a stunning series of raids, Opechancano, though elderly and unable to stand, led his people to a major victory on April 18, 1644, by suddenly attacking the Virginian frontier, killing up to 500 settlers and cutting off isolated garrisons from supplies. All of Virginia was now under siege a time when mainland England was locked in a civil war and was unable to assist the struggling colony. Though Virginia successfully countered the assault, they expended the last of their ammunition in the effort, giving the Powhatans a chance to press the advantage. It was not until Virginia was forced to purchase supplies from the anti-crown faction in England that the tide would be turned in Virginia’s favor. Opechancano would be captured, jailed, and shot in the back by his guard. His people, however, would survive. And though their troubles were far from over, continue to this day to be an active and thriving indigenous people.

Breaking the House of Pamunkey: The Final Powhatan War and the Fall of an American and Indian Empire

History

Adams, Lars C.

Americas

Backintyme Publishing

When former slave, Islay Walden returned to Southwestern Randolph County, North Carolina in 1879, after graduating from the New Brunswick Theological Seminary, as an ordained minister and missionary of the American Missionary Association, he moved in with his sister and her family in a secluded area in the Uwharrie Mountains, not far from the Lassiter Mill community along the Uwharrie River. Walden was sent to start a church and school for the African American community. When the church and school were begun this was, not surprisingly, a largely illiterate community of primarily Hill family members. The Hill family in this mountain community was so large, it was known as "Hill Town." The nearby Lassiter Mill community was larger and more diverse, but only marginally more literate. Walden and his wife accomplished much before his untimely death in 1884, including acquiring a US Postal Office for the community and a new name - Strieby. Despite Walden's death, the church and school continued into the 20th century when it was finally absorbed by the public school system, but not before impacting strongly the literacy and educational achievements of this remote community.From Hill Town to Strieby is Williams' second book and picks up where her first book about her ancestor Miles Lassiter, an early African American Quaker [Miles Lassiter (circa 1777-1850) an Early African American Quaker from Lassiter Mill, Randolph County, North Carolina: My Research Journey to Home], left off. In From Hill Town to Strieby, she provides extensive research documentation on the Reconstruction-era community of Hill Town, that would become known as Strieby, and the American Missionary Association affiliated church and school that would serve both Hill Town and Lassiter Mill. She analyzes both communities' educational improvements by comparing census records, World War I Draft record signatures and reports of grade levels completed in the 1940 census. She provides well-documented four generation genealogical reports of the two principal founding families, the Hills and Lassiters, which include both the families they married into and the families that moved away to other communities around the country. She provides information on the family relationships of those buried in the cemetery and adds an important research contribution by listing the names gleaned from death certificates of those buried in the cemetery, but who have no cemetery markers. She concludes with information about the designation of the Strieby Church, School, and Cemetery property as a Randolph County Cultural Heritage Site. 416 pp. 146 illustrations.

From Hill Town to Strieby: Education and the American Missionary Association in the Uwharrie “Back Country” of Randolph County, North Carolina

Literature & Fiction

Williams, Margo Lee

United States

In an effort to document and preserve the history, genealogy and origins of the people known as Redbone, the Redbone Heritage Foundation began publishing a collection of conference presentations, articles and essays and genealogies in the Redbone Chronicles, edited by Don C. Marler and Gary "Mishiho" Gabehart We have combined those here and updated the January 2007 issues. This issue includes some never before released conference presentations, articles and essays by descendants, members, researchers and scholars. Including pictures, genealogy and relatives of progenitor fore families, and member submitted DNA results. Contributing authors : James Nickens, M.D., Ethnic and Geographic Origins of the Melungeons part 1; Alvie Walts, Southern Mestee Communities; Govinda Sanyal, Yamassee/Seminole Ethnocide; Stacy Webb, Redbones and Redbone Communities including the Natchez Trace, Specutie and The Burgess Survey; Sammy Tippit, Land, History and a People Called Redbones; Don Marler, Grave Houses, a Review, Book Reviews; The Historic Ten Mile Redbone Riot; Joanne Pezzullo, Carolina Tribes &amp; Pre-Contact ; Scott "Hoodalee" Sewell, The Buckskin Curtain of Indian Country; Redbone Heritage Foundation members submitted genealogy of the Redbone Progenitor Families: Hundreds of Redbone family connections concentrated around one marriage certificate between the Doyle &amp; Drake; Contributing genealogist and family historians Marilyn Baggett Kobliaka &amp; Verna Thompson, The Thompson Family; Examining population "y" , a mysterious Amazonian Indian match to a population migration of Australasian origins.

Redbone Chronicles (Redbone Nation (Heritage Association Foundation) Collections)

Redbone Heritage Foundation

For much of human history the community tradition as related from elders to a new generation was the gospel as to one’s personal as well as group identity, with little other sources of information available to contradict it. Today, new developments in the science of human genetics have led to unparalleled insight into the identities of our ancestors long ago, but in some cases this information has made it more difficult to answer the question of who we are today. Genetics has brought to light in stunning detail the origins, continual migrations, and intermixture of humanity as how our ancestors spread across the planet. The complexity of this story has taken many by surprise. This is especially so in the Native American community, where hundreds of thousands of members of federally recognized Indian tribes are finding to their surprise little if any Native American ancestry identified on their direct-to-consumer DNA test reports; such as those offered by 23andme and Ancestry.com, a phenomenon that has come to be known as the ‘Cherokee paradox’. Huge numbers of Indian tribal members have been taken aback by their paucity and even lack of Native genetic ancestry, and its impact on personal and cultural communities. The need to understand how and why such disconnect could occur between the social, legal, and biological identities of a single person or community is great. Like some in Indian Country, other Americans are finding that despite what their family oral history teaches, they had little idea of the complexity and diversity of their ancestral origins. The impact of genetics on identity is immense and unfolding, and it promises to be revolutionary in a multitude of ways; in “The Cherokee Paradox” we investigate its complexity and its consequences in the lives of those that it has touched, for better or worse. Throughout the history of humanity, the search for knowledge had led repeatedly to the overturning of dearly held concepts by new information. Today the insights that genetics is having on the idea of identity is changing fast and it is promising more to come.

The Cherokee Paradox: Unexpected Ancestry at the Crossroads of Identity and Genetics

Reference

Sewell, Christopher "Hodalee"

Genealogy

Unknown to many outside of their small communities, there are still many Alabamians who identify as Native Americans. Indian people of Alabama who stand together with their fellow citizens while maintaining their own cultural and ethnic heritage. This work examines the many tribes of the state including the Poarch Band of Creek Indians, the Echota Cherokee Tribe of Alabama, the Cherokees of Northeast Alabama, Ma-Chis Lower Creek Indian Tribe of Alabama, the Southeastern Mvskoke Nation, Cher-O-Creek Intra-Tribal Indians, Inc. (Aka Cherokees of Southeast Alabama), the MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians, the Piqua Shawnee Tribe and the United Cherokee Ani-Yun-Wiya Nation. As well as investigation of the status of non-state recognized groups and now dispersed communities such as the Wildfork Indian community of Escambia County, Alabama.

Indians of Alabama: Guide to the Indian Tribes of The Yellowhammer State

Sewell, Scott

No group of Native Americans has figured more prominently in the history of South Carolina than the Catawba Nation. This tribe’s unerring military, economic, and symbolic support for the fledgling Carolina colonies was crucial during early conflicts with hostile tribes, and eventually their struggle for Independence. While the Palmetto State unabashedly profited from this relationship with the Catawba Nation, the association was not mutually beneficial. In the hundred-year time span between 1740 and 1840, the population of the Catawba reservation decreased by more than seventy-five percent. At least half this decrease was due to the mortality of old age, accident, and disease. A significant portion of that population reduction, however, was the result of outmigration, as Catawba left the confines of the reservation to explore life in other areas. At various times in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth centuries, no more than a handful of Catawba Indians were physically residing on their ancient reservation. While thousands of pages have been dedicated to memorializing the history of those Catawba who remained, the pen of the historian has remained silent in regard to those Indian families and individuals who left the reservation. What happened to those Catawba who abandoned their ancient homeland? Where did they ultimately settle down? Did they continue to self-Identify as “Catawba” or, in some respects even more importantly, were they recorded as “Catawba” or even as “Indian” by the census enumerator, tax collector, or court officials in these new areas? This book attempts to answer these questions, and memorialize the documentation of those who became “A Wandering Tribe.”

A Wandering Tribe: Dispersal of the Catawba Nation 1800 to 1900

Hill, Steven "Pony"

Belles of The Creek Nation is an innovative and modern perspective investigating the problematic linkages between preservation of cultural heritage, maintaining cultural diversity, defining and establishing cultural citizenship, and ancient tribal rite of passage. It is the first publication to address the notions of cultural diversity among Mixed Blood heritage, tribal culture and sacred rights of the people, all in one book. The relationships and heritage presented provides the basis of humanity's rich cultural diversity among descendants of remnant Indian clans. While there is considerable literature dealing separately with cultural diversity, cultural heritage and tribal rights, this book distinctively presents contemporary relevance in focusing on the intersection between these concepts. Sewell presents the cultural diversity, heritage, citizenship and tribal rights; and establishes a fresh approach that will interest students, descendants and practitioners alike exposing a new and fresh perspective for future work and genealogical study in the Mixed blood Indian heritage of America. "Your blood will mix with ours; and will spread with ours, over this great island…The ultimate point of rest and happiness for (Indians and Americans ) is to let our settlements and theirs meet and blend together, to intermix, and become one people." -Excerpted from a letter written by President Thomas Jefferson to United States Indian Agent to the Creek Nation, Benjamin Hawkins, to relay to Creek leaders, February 18 1803 "Scott Sewell has written the saga of our diverse heritage bringing to light the relationships and powerful influence of the Countrymen within the Native American life , sharing details of the sacred rituals passed down for generations. We are not a lost people but have been hidden in plain sight in our closed communities and clan marriages. There has been a great awakening and now Scott has brought our history out of the darkness and is shining the light on the heritage, lives and struggles of our people in Belles of The Creek Nation." Marilyn Baggett Kobliaka, Redbone Descendant, of the Doyle &amp; Hill Families, Author &amp; Family Historian "Belles of the Creek Nation is a richly detailed narrative of the complex web of interrelated Native American Creek families. Both exciting to read and edifying in content, Sewell has brought to light a little explored area of history with a meticulous eye for detail and flowing writing style. A great addition to the library!" Lars Adams, Author and Independent Researcher "Christopher does a great job of blending introspective genealogy with objective history. I especially liked the last chapter. The tension between tribal leaders wanting to restrict membership (or even expel members) when slicing the pie of financial benefits from the Bureau of Indian Affairs, on the one hand, versus the avalanche of non-clan members seeking (or even demanding) Indian self-identity, on the other, is fascinating. I get the impression that if you ask three random tribal leaders what defines a "true Indian" you will get four conflicting opinions." Frank W. Sweet, History of the U.S. Colorline

Belles of the Creek Nation (American Bred)

Christopher Hodalee Sewell

"Judy Martin’s “We Are All Catawba” is an invaluable source for all of those who are trying to trace their Catawba family history. It gives pertinent information that goes far beyond just genealogy. It tells the story of our people. Where, when and how they lived and how they came to move away from their Native homelands. Researching Native American history and family lines is very difficult due to many factors. Ms. Martin’s book puts so much of this priceless information right at the researchers’ finger tips. As a Catawba descendant, this book, “We Are All Catawba” will help tell our peoples stories for generations to come."---Jamie Harris: Chief of the Sizemore Tribe of the New River; Tutelo- Catawba. "Judy Martin has presented one of the most complete genealogical works on the Catawba Nation families to date. With painstaking research and fully illustrated pages with images of original documents, this book with documented genealogy will be a ready assistant to both the family historian and general researcher." - Lars Adams, award winning author, Breaking the House of Pamunkey: The Final Powhatan War and the Fall of an American Indian Empire. “For the past 500 years the shelves have been filled with histories of Indigenous tribes, communities, and families written by non-Natives. While these cold, objective volumes are often abounding with facts, figures, and objective outside observations, there is little personal or emotional investment for the writer, or the reader. With this outstanding publication from Judy Martin, we are gifted a unique inside view of the trials, tribulations, and hard won victories of the Catawba tribe as told through the individual biographies and genealogies of Martin’s own ancestors. The care and detail she articulates when documenting the minutiae of her ancestors’ lives belies the singular devotion which could only originate from blood lineage. --S. Pony Hill, author of Patriot Chiefs &amp; Loyal Braves, Strangers In Their Own Land: South Carolina's State Tribes, A Wandering Tribe: Dispersal of the Catawba Nation 1800-1900, co-author North Florida Indians, The Red Road: Language, Legends, and Lifeways of the Cheraw, Keyauwee, Pee Dee, Santee, and Wateree, contributing author Carolina Genesis: Beyond the Color Line.

We Are All Catawba: Complete Genealogy of My Daddy's Catawba Ancestors (The American Bred Series; Odysseys of the Mixed Blood Pioneer Family)

Martin, Judy Canty

The Catawba, also know as Iswa are a federally recognized tribe of Native Americans , known as the Catawba Indian Nation. They live in the Southeastern United States, on the Catawba River at the border of North Carolina, near the city of Rock Hill, South Carolina. They were once considered one of the most powerful Southeastern Siouan -speaking tribes in the Carolina Piedmont, as well as one of the most powerful tribes in the South as a whole.The legend is that they may have been the folks that greeted Columbus and were once a very populous tribe which was decimated by smallpox and alcohol use. By the 1880's it was supposed that there were only 60 to 80 left in and around York County, South Carolina and Cherokee, North Carolina.This was the condition of the nation until the Mormon missionaries found them. They joined the church nearly in mass, 2/3 of the tribe, however, the number was around 60.

Mormon Missionaries Among The Catawba Indians: 1881 to 1938

Biographies & Memoirs

Community & Culture

In this handbook, we have presented our experiences and helpful charts we have developed specifically for the members of MEHRAssociations various DNA study groups. But that anyone will find helpful researching their journey in genetic testing & genealogy. We provide short instructions and basic understandings of the various DNA tests, their results and how best to apply those to your genealogy records through Gedmatch and Gedmatch Genesis (Autosomal test results) as well as Y and Mt-DNA. Though a paper trail is always great to have, many of our Mixed-ethnic families have no paper trail to help us along the way. DNA is the ultimate proof, documenting, recording, quick reference and charting, charting, charting is the heart and core of growing your family tree. We have also presented several sample case studies to help you through the process of using Gedmatch autosomal as well as Y and Mt-DNA matches.

The Journey: A Genetic Genealogy Handbook with Case Studies (Redbone Nation (Heritage Association Foundation) Collections)

Webb, Stacy R.

See the best price to sell, buy or rent books by the Backintyme Publishing publisher. BookScouter helps to compare book prices from 25+ online bookstores and 30+ buyback vendors with a single search.

Books by Backintyme Publishing