What’s the Difference? – ISBN 10 vs ISBN 13

An ISBN is an International Standard Book Number, found on every published book and contains a series of unique numbers.

“An ISBN is assigned to each separate edition and variation (except reprintings) of a publication.” Wikipedia

The ISBN is usually found on the back of a book and is accompanied by a barcode. So, why do you need to know the difference between ISBN 10 and ISBN 13?