This book examines the communist movement in the Arab world from the time of the Russian revolution until after the collapse of the Soviet Union. It traces the interaction of the world communist movement which was characterized by an uncritical acceptance of Marxism-Leninism, and local communists, who moved from initial dependence on Moscow to a position more adapted to local circumstances and sensitivities that could be characterized as a distinctive 'Arab communism'. It goes on to trace the impact of 'Arab communism' on a range of issues in the region, arguing that the role of Arab communist parties was highly significant, and disproportionate to the relatively small numbers of communists in the countries concerned.

The Communist Movement in the Arab World

Politics & Social Sciences

Tareq Y. Ismael

Politics & Government

Routledge

"A concise and accessible introduction to the area, suitable for students of politics, history or international relations and a useful source of chronological and factual information for anyone interested in the region."--"Cambridge Review of International Affairs"Contents Foreword by Tim Niblock Part I. The Dynamics of the Region 1. Introduction, by T. & J. Ismael 2. The Burden of History, by T. & J. Ismael 3. The Heritage of Islam, by T. & J. Ismael 4. The Legacy of Nationalism, by T. & J. Ismael Part II. The Northern Belt 5. The Republic of Turkey, by Walter Weiker 6. The Islamic Republic of Iran, by Marvin Zonis and Cyrus Amir Mokri Part III. The Fertile Crescent 7. The Republic of Iraq, by T. & J. Ismael 8. The Arab Republic of Syria, by R. Hrair Dekmejian 9. The Republic of Lebanon, by Nassif Hitti 10. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, by Kamel S. Abu Jaber 11. The State of Israel, by Walter Weiker 12. Palestine and the Palestinian Question, by T. & J. Ismael Part IV. The Nile Valley 13. The Arab Republic of Egypt, by T. & J. Ismael 14. The Republic of Sudan, by Ann Mosely Lesch Part V. The Arabian Peninsula 15. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, by Richard H. Pfaff 16. The Republic of Yemen, by Manfred W. Wenner, Tareq Ismael, and Jacqueline Ismael 17. The Arab Gulf States, by T. & J. Ismael Part VI. North Africa 18. Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriyah, by T. & J. Ismael 19. The Maghrib, by Bahgat KoranyTareq Y. Ismael is professor of political science and Jacqueline S. Ismael is professor of social welfare at the University of Calgary.

Politics and Government in the Middle East and North Africa

Jacqueline S. Ismael

University Press of Florida

The people of Iraq have suffered for more than a decade from the most severe sanctions ever imposed on any nation in history. United Nations’ sanctions against Iraq began in August 1990, as an attempt to force Iraq out of Kuwait. The contributors to this volume reveal why the sanctions regime has failed in its most basic aims, and ask serious questions about the real motivations of the powers involved -- notably the US and the UK. The contributors explain how, if sanctions had been carefully applied, they could have worked. The massive bombing campaign of 1991 destroyed Iraq's social infrastructure. Sanctions should have been modified to meet the post-Gulf War environment. Also, the US and the UK refused to agree that sanctions would be lifted if Iraq complied -- left with little incentive to disarm, it is not surprising that Saddam Hussein did not cooperate. Why did the sanctions continue if they did not fulfill their avowed purpose? The contributors argue that the real motives of the US and the UK were much more complex: instead of revolving around violations of human rights, terrorism and nuclear weapons proliferation, sanctions may have had more to do with political powerbroking and the danger that Iraq and Iran presented to US hegemony in the oil-rich Middle East. Assessing these and other related questions, the contributors put forward the idea that the current sanctions against Iraq are illegal under international law.

Iraq: The Human Cost of History

History

William W. Haddad

Middle East

Pluto Press

Arab nationalism is the principal force shaping the lives of the Arab people in the 20th century. But Arab nationalism is not a stable, constant influence upon the Arab environment. Rather, it is a multi-dimensional dynamic process that interacts with the Arab environment -- local, regional, &amp; international. This book discusses the transformation of Arab nationalism, examining: the problem of Arab unity, the Palestinian question, &amp; social transformation. Examines political parties from after WW II to the mid-1970s. Extensive appendices.

The Arab Left

Syracuse University Press

Pax Americana

Leslie T. MacDonald

Springer Nature

Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment

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