The detailed specialist reports in this volume cover the late Iron Age and Roman human bone and animal bone assemblages recovered during the reported excavations, as well as environmental remains and dating evidence relating to contemporary landscape, subsistence and economy. A single cremation burial and a minimum of 48 inhumation burials were recorded at Springhead, with a single inhumation burial of a neonate from within the Northfleet villa complex. Whole or partial skulls appear to have been deliberately placed and others re-deposited in a variety of features, including a "ritual shaft". Over 68,000 fragments of animal bone were recovered, including many complete animal skeletons. At Springhead the assemblages are dominated by sheep/goats but cattle are more important at the Northfleet villa. The environmental evidence for Roman subsistence and economy is presented in reports on charred plant remains, wood charcoal and marine shell. Environmental sequences and remains relating the development of the Roman landscape were also recovered from a range of locations.

Settling the Ebbsfleet Valley: CTRL Excavations at Springhead and Northfleet, Kent - The Late Iron Age, Roman, Saxon, and Medieval Landscape: Volume ... Roman Human Remains and Environmental Reports

History

Stevens, Chris J.

Grimm, Jessica M.

McKinley, Jacqueline I.

Barnett, Dr. Catherine

Ancient Civilizations

Wessex Archaeology

<p>The detailed specialist reports in this volume cover all the Saxon and later finds recovered during the reported excavations, including human bone and animal bone, and environmental remains and dating evidence relating to contemporary landscape, subsistence and economy. Fifth to early 6th-century pottery was recovered from the Northfleet villa site, including from demolition layers over the Roman buildings, nine sunken-featured buildings and the area of the Saxon mill. The metal small finds come largely from 36 graves in two cemeteries, which contained 30 individuals. A small quantity of smithing slag was recovered as well as ceramic building material, fired clay and daub and objects of bone. A wooden bowl and a very early example of a wood plane are unusual finds. The animal bone assemblage is largely comprised of domestic animals indicating mixed farming supplemented by a little hunting and with charred plant remains from locally grown crops.</p>

Settling the Ebbsfleet Valley: CTRL Excavations at Springhead and Northfleet, Kent - The Late Iron Age, Roman, Saxon, and Medieval Landscape: Volume 4 - Post-Roman Finds and Environmental Reports

Andrews, Phil

Schuster, Jörn

Mepham, Lorraine

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