Between 1949 and 1957, ten coups shook Syria. Each attempt to overthrow the government was led by powers sympathetic to either the Soviet Union or the United States. Damascus Between Democracy and Dictatorship details the oscillations that rocked the Arab region during this transitional period, ultimately destroying Syria's chances for a stable democracy. Different levels of struggle are analyzed within the context of global Cold War politics, and the roles of specific leaders are critiqued.

Damascus Between Democracy and Dictatorship

History

Sami Moubayed

Middle East

University Press of America

In the Middle East under Ottoman rule Freemasonry was tolerated, emerging in the ancient city of Damascus as early as 1868 and continuing under colonial rule. In 1941, after Hitler's occupation of Paris, the Vichy French outlawed Freemasonry in all French territory and colonies. During World War II in Syria, Freemasonry emerged as Vichy control weakened and it continued to exist until it was outlawed by Syria's Baath regime in 1965, two years after they took power. East of the Grand Umayyad is the story of Damascus Freemasonry from 1868 until 1965. It shows how the crème-de-la-crème of Syrian society were Freemasons, men such as Fares al-Khoury and Abdul Rahman Shahbandar (leaders of the anti-colonial movement). This book shows how they contributed to the building of their societies through scholarly work in an academic setting, politics, industry, and philanthropy.

East of the Grand Ummayad: Freemasons in Damascus 1868-1965

Cune

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Books by Sami Moubayed

See the best price to sell, buy, or rent books by Sami Moubayed. BookScouter helps to compare book prices from 25+ online bookstores and 30+ buyback vendors with a single search.

Damascus Between Democracy and Dictatorship

East of the Grand Ummayad: Freemasons in Damascus 1868-1965