<p>Microscopy is central to the vast majority of semiconductor failure analyses, and is therefore of great importance to engineers concerned with design validation, process optimization, component qualification, testing, and pre- or post-use diagnostics. A wide range of microscopical techniques is available, and each has a unique and complementary role to play in determining the causes of semiconductor failure. The applications of microscopy to semiconductor failure analysis are described in this concise handbook, which provides a valuable practical guide for all those working in the field. The basic principles and operation of each type of microscopy are explained, and each is illustrated with case histories and micrographs of many failure mechanisms. The need for new microscopies for the study of future generation devices is discussed, and several possible candidates for this purpose are assessed.</p>

ROLE MICROSCOPY IN SEMICONDUCT (Microscopy Handbooks (BIOS), 25)

RICHARDS, B.

FOOTNER, P.

Computers & Technology

BIOS Scientific Publishers

This lucid and original work argues for a new style of political leadership, one which pays deliberate and sophisticated attention to the emotional dynamics of the public. A case study of terrorism, as a highly emotional topic and as a key political issue in many liberal democracies, grounds the book's ideas in today's political landscape.

Emotional Governance: Politics, Media and Terror

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Mental Health

PALGRAVE~MACMILLAN

Vocabulary richness, including lexical diversity and use of rare words, has an important role in assessing proficiency, diagnosing progress and testing theory in the study of language development. This book first reviews different methods for quantifying how vocabulary is deployed in spontaneous speech and writing, and then introduces an alternative approach which can assess overall lexical diversity, measure morphology development and compare the development of different word classes. The new approach is illustrated by its application to first and second language learners.

Lexical Diversity and Language Development: Quantification and Assessment

Reference

Malvern, D.

Chipere, N.

Durán, P.

Foreign Language Study & Reference

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Books by RICHARDS, B.