Excavations at two sites in the southern suburbs of the modern industrial town of Scunthorpe, originally a rural landscape with a scatter of villages overlooking the River Trent and its tributary, Bottesford Beck. Finds of flint tools show that humans had been around throughout prehistory; by the late Iron Age the Burringham Road site probably lay at the southern limit of a settlement, and for much of the Roman period there is evidence of various activities, mostly agriculture-related, and including several corn-driers; perhaps there was a villa nearby. The Baldwin Avenue site shows evidence of a Middle Saxon settlement with notable artefacts being three large lead vessels of a type that seems peculiar to the region. The title of the report reflects the fact that these two sites are peripheral to larger complexes, but nevertheless provide good information about them.

On the Boundaries of Occupation: Excavations at Burringham Road, Scunthorpe and Baldwin Avenue, Bottesford, North Lincolnshire (Pre-construct Archaeology Monographs)

Politics & Social Sciences

Taylor-Wilson, Robin

Proctor, Jennifer

Boyer, Peter

Archaeology

Pre-Construct Archaeology

This publication presents the results of archaeological investigations by Pre-Construct Archaeology at Laurel Farm to the south-east of Norfolk. An extraordinarily long and complex history of occupation and exploitation was revealed, dating back to the Lower Palaeolithic. The site was also visited in the Upper Palaeolithic by hunter-gatherer communities who used the shelter provided by the roots of an upturned tree to knap flint into blades and tools. Tree-throw hollows continued to be significant features in the landscape and, in the Early Neolithic, a remarkable deposit of pottery and flint was placed into a pair of adjacent hollows . Around 4,500 years ago, use of the area changed with the construction of a substantial ring-ditch, probably the remains of a ploughed-out round barrow. From the late Anglo-Saxon into the early Medieval period the area was used for the early stages of iron extraction and production - processes which have rarely been identified archaeologically. There is evidence that ore was quarried, washed and roasted to remove impurities. Mousehold Heath continued to be visited for its natural resources, with gravel quarries and brick kilns exploiting the natural clays, until pressures on agricultural production towards the end of the eighteenth century resulted in the enclosure of the landscape.Table of ContentsChapter 1: Background to the project 1.1 Site description and setting 1.2 Archaeological and historical background 1.3 Methodologies 1.4 Report structure Chapter 2: Phase 1 Natural deposits and Phase 2 Palaeolithic activity 2.1 The natural and Palaeolithic sequence 2.2 Late Glacial/early Post-glacial flintwork Chapter 3: Phase 3 Early Neolithic Activity 3.1 The Early Neolithic archaeological sequence 3.2 Early Neolithic flintwork 3.3 Early Neolithic pottery 3.4 Early Neolithic archaeobotanical analysis Chapter 4: Phase 4 Later Neolithic to Early Bronze Age activity 4.1 The Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age sequence 4.2 Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age flintwork 4.3 Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age pottery  4.4 Stone Identification Chapter 5: Phase 5 Middle to Late Bronze Age activity 5.1 The Middle to Late Bronze Age archaeological sequence 5.2 Middle to Late Bronze Age flintwork  5.3 Middle to Late Bronze Age pottery 5.4 Stone identification 5.5 Analysis of Middle Bronze Age archaeobotanical remains Chapter 6: Phase 6 Middle to Late Iron Age activity 6.1 The Iron Age archaeological sequence 6.2 Iron Age pottery 6.3 Ironworking slag 6.4 Analysis of Iron Age archaeobotanical remains Chapter 7: Phase 7 Roman activity 7.1 The Roman archaeological sequence 7.2 Romano-British pottery 7.3 Romano-British small finds 7.4 Ironworking slag Chapter 8: Phase 8 Anglo-Saxon and early Medieval activity 8.1 The Anglo-Saxon archaeological sequence 8.2 Anglo-Saxon and early Medieval ironworking  8.3 Ironworking slag and industrial residues 8.4 Ironstone  8.5 Saxon pottery 8.6 Analysis of Anglo-Saxon and early Medieval archaeobotanical remains Chapter 9: Phase 9 Later Medieval and Post-Medieval activity 9.1 The later Medieval and Post-Medieval sequence 9.2 Medieval and Post-Medieval pottery  9.3 Medieval and Post-Medieval ceramic building material 9.4 Post-Medieval metal small finds  9.5 Clay tobacco pipe and glass Chapter 10: Discussion 10.1 Phase 2 Palaeolithic flintworking 10.2 Phase 3 Early Neolithic habitation 10.3 Phase 4 Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age ceremonial activity  10.4 Phase 5 Middle to Late Bronze Age ceremonial activity 10.5 Phase 6 Iron Age farmstead settlement 10.6 Phase 7 Romano-British activity  10.7 Phase 8 Anglo-Saxon and Medieval iron processing 10.8 Phase 9 Mousehold Heath in the later Medieval and Post-Medieval periods Specialist appendices Appendix 1: Radiocarbon dating Appendix 2: Quantification of charred remains Appendix 3: Quantification of ironworking slag

Settlement, Ceremony and Industry on Mousehold Heath: Excavations at Laurel Farm (Phase II), Broadland Business Park, Thorpe St Andrew, Norfolk (Pre-Construct Archaeology Monograph)

History

Bishop, Barry

Ancient Civilizations

The discovery in 2004 of a Roman period settlement during archaeological investigations by Pre-Construct Archaeology was highly unexpected given the paucity of remains of this date in the Darlington area. Around the late first century AD an unenclosed farmstead was established at the site and the quantity of South Gaulish samian from this period indicates that from its earliest inception Faverdale was a settlement of some standing. A remarkable discovery was that of a small stone two-room building, furnished with a hypocaust system and decorated with painted wall plaster, set within a substantial rectilinear ditched enclosure constructed in the second century AD. This book details the fascinating evidence for social and cultural change within a remarkably short space of time after the occupation of the northern frontier zone by the Roman military.

Faverdale, Darlington: Excavations at a major settlement in the northern frontier zone of Roman Britain (Pre-Construct Archaeology Monograph)

Parterres Bright with Flowers: A History of the Walled Gardens at Alnwick Castle as Revealed through Excavations and Standing Building Survey (Pre-Construct Archaeology Monograph Series)

Ridgeway, Victoria

Social Sciences

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