Oman was ruled by the Al Bu Sa'id for 250 years, and during this period the fortunes of the state varied considerably. But in July 1970, as a result of a palace coup, the state abruptly turned away from isolation and traditions of the past. The most obvious alteration was in the dramatic change in the outward appearance of the country, particularly as exemplified by the rejection of the long era of stagnation and the parallel emphasis on socio-economic development. In the political realm, however, the shifting balance of power and the rapid growth and diversification of the state's administrative structure were based essentially on perennial themes in Omani politics. The interplay between four of these themes forms the basis of this study, first published in 1978. The role of the Sultan and the ruling family, the development of the administration, the exercise of tribal politics and the impact of external influences on the state are closely examined and the modifications they went in response to the various challenges of the twentieth century are discussed. The constant flux in the relative importance of each of these themes illustrates the fragile nature of the traditional Omani political system, for in the twentieth century the Al Bu Sa'id Sultanate found its precarious hold over the country challenged on a number of occasions. These challenges - ranging from the tribal and religious rebellion of 1913-20, to the Marxist-Leninist revolt in Dhufar - are also analysed in detail, together with the response of the Sultanate to their impact.

Oman in the twentieth century: Political foundations of an emerging state

PETERSON, JOHN

Barnes&Noble Books

Now in its third edition, The European Union: How Does it Work? demystifies the European Union's structures and operation, providing a concise, engaging, and accessible introduction ideal for students with no background in the subject. Bringing together an exceptional collection of work--by practitioners who have worked or currently work in the EU's institutions and by leading scholars and academics--this volume cuts through the complexity to explain how the EU really works and why it matters. Innovative pedagogical tools--including "How it Really Works" and "Compared to What" boxes--help guide students through the material. A Companion Website offers multiple-choice questions, a timeline of key events, relevant links, and an interactive map for students. It also provides seminar questions and activities and PowerPoint-based presentations for instructors.

The European Union: How Does it Work? (New European Union)

Corbett, Richard

Bomberg, Elizabeth

Foreign & International Law

Oxford University Press

Europe's trade policies matter in global politics. Despite the recent focus on Brazil, India, and particularly China, the European Union remains the world's largest market and trader. Despite its recent economic troubles, Europe remains in a powerful position to shape how globalization is governed. We know surprisingly little about how its trade policy is actually made, because previous works have focused on individual trade policy decisions to the detriment of the 'big picture' of the Union as a trade power. Parochial Global Europe argues that trade policy is composed of multiple, distinct policies. Each presents a distinctive constellation of mobilized societal preferences, pattern of political institutions, and range of government preferences. The balance of economic power between the EU and its trade partner(s) affects the stakes involved. Together these four factors define trade policy sub-systems, which help explain both the EU's objectives and whether it realizes them. The authors advance this argument by analysing the EU's role in the demise of the Doha Round, its use of anti-dumping and pursuit of market access, the trade effects of its single market programme and efforts at regulatory diplomacy, including the launch of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership negotiations. Parochial Global Europe thus focuses centrally on modern, 21st century trade policy. It also sheds light on the EU as a global actor by analysing its use of trade policy as a tool of foreign policy from promoting development, to encouraging human rights and environmental protection, to punishing security threats.

Parochial Global Europe: 21st Century Trade Politics

Business & Money

Young, Alasdair R.

International

The European Commission is arguably the world's most powerful international administration. It plays a central role in the political system of the European Union. The Commission is a permanent presence in the life of the member states, but its influence is felt far beyond their borders. Viewed historically as the motor of European integration, the Commission is the subject of intense controversy. It is portrayed frequently as technocratic, monolithic, and unaccountable, but also as fragmented and weakly led. According to accepted wisdom, it is populated by career bureaucrats, who want only to expand the competencies of the Union and therefore their own power. This book tests these views. It asks: Who are the people who work for the organization? What are their educational and professional backgrounds? What do officials believe about the role of the Commission in the EU today and whether the Union should have more or less power? What leads them to choose to pursue a career in the Commission, and how do they navigate its complexities? How does the Barroso Commission compare to previous Commissions? How harmonious are relations between cabinets and the services? What has been the impact on the Commission of reform and of the 'big bang' enlargement? Co-authored by an international team of researchers, this book draws on original data from the largest attitudinal survey ever conducted by independent researchers inside the Commission, as well as a structured programme of interviews with senior officials. It provides an authoritative account of the European Commission of the twenty-first century.

The European Commission of the Twenty-First Century

Thompson, Andrew

Hooghe, Liesbet

Connolly, Sara

DEHOUSSE, Renaud

Kassim, Hussein

Bauer, Michael W.

The defence of the Gulf has been a vital strategic concern for close on 100 years. The British first became involved in the Gulf to protect the sea routes to India and with the development of international air routes the Gulf became a crucial staging post. This book, first published in 1986, surveys the strategic issues in the defence of the Gulf from the earliest British involvement up to the Iraq-Iran war. It examines the British retreat from the Gulf and the imperial vestiges that were left behind. It considers the way in which American interests in the Gulf came to replace British interests and it analyses how American foreign policy has responded to this additional responsibility. The book also investigates the regional concerns of Gulf security and the intra-regional conflicts that have erupted in the Iraq-Iran war.

Defending Arabia

History

PALGRAVE~MACMILLAN

The European Union is a uniquely successful experiment in international cooperation and modern governance. The creation of a single currency and impending eastern enlargement make EU decision-making more important than ever before in determining how Europe is governed. Based on exhaustive and original research, this book provides a clear and theoretically grounded analysis of how the European Union makes decisions. The book provides in-depth coverage of a number of major policy sectors: the internal market, external trade, agriculture, cohesion, the environment, research and technological development, and the Common Foreign and Security Policy. Its central themes--that informal norms often matter more than formal rules, that agency often matters more than structure, and that abrupt change often punctuates deadlock--are developed systematically throughout.

Decision-Making in the European Union

Europe

Based on exhaustive research, this book explains how the European Union makes decisions in seven major policy sectors. Written in a clear, user-friendly style, it brings the EU alive for a student and non-specialist audience. The book's central themes are that informal norms often matter more than formal rules, agency often matters more than structure, and abrupt change often punctuates deadlock. It offers a theoretically-based introduction to the lively, humorous and fascinating politics of a unique experiment in modern governance.

Decision-Making in the European Union (The European Union Series, 118)

Reference

Red Globe Press

Bundle: Introductory Technical Mathematics, 7th + Practical Problems in Mathematics for Electricians, 9th

Science & Math

Smith?, Robert

Mathematics

Cengage Learning'

Bundle: Mathematics for Machine Technology, 8th + NIMS Machining Level 1 Study Guide + Print Reading for Machinists, 6th

Taylor, David L.

Klein, Andrew

Since its origins in 1985, the Eureka initiative has grown to rival in size and importance the European Community's collaborative research and development programmes. Industry-led and intergovernmental in structure, it functions without a centralized organizational structure or source of funds. "High Technology and the Competition State" is an in-depth analysis of Eureka. John Peterson argues that Eureka is indicative of an entirely new type of policymaking, and, in some senses, a new form of government. He shows how Eureka reflects the transition to new "competition state" public policy strategies to promote supply-side innovation. The volume breaks new ground by applying a theoretical model of "policy networks" to explain how Eureka works in practice.

High Technology and the Competition State: An Analysis of the Eureka Initiative

Economics

Routledge

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