What informed and inspired the visual artists who depicted the Trojan War on vases, on walls, and in sculpture? Scholars have debated this question for years. Were Greek painters simply depicting the stories of Achilles and Odysseus as recounted in Homer’s epics? Or did they work independently, following their own traditions without regard to the Iliad, the Odyssey, and other poetry of their time? Steven Lowenstam offers here an alternative theoretical framework, arguing that Greek artists and poets interacted with each other freely, always aware of what the others were producing. As Trojan War myth was the common inheritance of all Greek storytellers, verbal and visual depictions of heroic myth were not created in isolation but were interdependent responses to a centuries-old tradition.As Witnessed by Images investigates visual depictions of Achillean and Odyssean myth from ca. 650-300 BCE and traces the many messages that the stories of Achilles and Odysseus inspired. Lowenstam identifies a variety of images and interpretations―some regarded Achilles as a hero, others believed him to be a cruel bully―that reflect and directly respond to the ancient heroic tradition from which the Iliad and Odyssey evolved.

As Witnessed by Images: The Trojan War Tradition in Greek and Etruscan Art

Arts & Photography

Lowenstam, Steven

History & Criticism

Johns Hopkins University Press

The Scepter and the Spear

<p>The Scepter and the Spear is a wide-ranging reassessment of the study of Homer as literature in the wake of Milman Parry and Albert Lord's discoveries about the nature of oral poetry. Lowenstam's insights into such problems as the functional reality of formulae in general and epithets in particular will be of value not only to Classicists but also to all scholars and students interested in oral poetics.</p>

Literature & Fiction

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

The Scepter and the Spear is a wide-ranging reassessment of the study of Homer as literature in the wake of Milman Parry and Albert Lord's discoveries about the nature of oral poetry. Lowenstam's insights into such problems as the functional reality of formulae in general and epithets in particular will be of value not only to Classicists but also to all scholars and students interested in oral poetics.

This volume includes descriptive catalogues for several classes of small finds from the site including many photographs and drawings. A useful section of the conservation of the material is useful for field conservationists and excavators.The Extramural Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Cyrene, Libya, IIIUniversity Museum Monograph, 66

The Extramural Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Cyrene, Libya, Final Reports, Volume III: Scarabs, Inscribed Gems, and Engraved Finger Rings; ... Objects (University Museum Monographs, No 66)

Moore., Mary B.

Kenrick, Phillip

Fuller, Tamsen

Kenrick, Philip M.

University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology

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Books by Lowenstam, Steven