The Qu’ran admonishes Muslims that “the pilgrimage to the temple is an obligation due to God from those who are able to journey there.” Today over one and a half million pilgrims annually fulfill this Fifth Pillar of Islam, the Hajj. Saudi Arabia conquered the Hijaz in part to protect Hajjis from abuses in the management of the Hajj. How does that country now administer the religious event that brings so many people, often poor and illiterate, into one small area to perform a variety of complex rituals? How does the government protect its visitors’ health and safety, and ensure their proper guidance through the necessary rites? How does it move so many pilgrims in and out of what is essentially an out-of-the-way desert?David Long has set this thoughtful examination of the twentieth-century Hajj within its historical framework. He first provides a clear, concise description of the rituals either necessary or traditional to the proper performance of the Hajj; he then relates how the inhabitants of Mecca used to manage the pilgrimage and finally, relates how the new Saudi rulers gradually brought the Hajj service industry under government regulation. Today there is probably no agency of the Saudi government which is not at least tangentially concerned with the Hajj. Only in the area of health did there exist a history of public management. By the early nineteenth century it had become all too clear that the Hajj served to carry diseases endemic to the Orient to Europe, and by the end of that century health and quarantine procedures were under international control. Today the Saudi government has sole control of these matters. Oil revenue vastly exceeds Hajj revenues―once a major source of Saudi income―but the Hajj continues to play an enormous role in the religious, social, and political life of the country. And even in economics it structures the Saudi businessman’s year and provides part- or full-time employment to more Saudi citizens than does the oil industry.This volume contains an extensive bibliography, appendixes containing statistical material on recent Hajjs, maps, and a glossary.

The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah

Religion & Spirituality

Long, Professor David

Islam

State University of New York Press

<p>A fascinating tour of London's strangest and most intriguing locations. Ranging from architectural evidence of past incidents and stories of life beneath the city, to anecdotes of magic, mystery and murder, this is a perfect companion for the curious Londoner.</p>

Bizarre London

History

Europe

Constable Robinson

<p>Did you know that of every 100 employees hired, only 6 or 7 will ever be promoted to their first management position. If you're a manager now, and you probably are if you're reading this, "Congratulations!" You're one of the 7% who made it! That's the good news. Now, here's the bad news. Statistically speaking you won't be promoted again. The vast majority of these first time managers will eventually fail, and only 1 in 7 will stay in management with their present company for 5 years. Built to Lead is a "get-in-the-trenches with you, no-holds-barred" discussion about maximizing your ability to have an amazing management career. It tackles, head-on, the lies you've been told about how to reach the top in your company, and shows you what REALLY WORKS! David has reached the Top 10% in three separate industries, and the principles he teaches are universal, regardless of your industry. You'll read the stories of ordinary people (just like you), from managers, employees, and friends, who are very successful today as a result of listening to the advice contained in this book. Motivational CEO David Long shares with you his powerful "7 Management R.E.W.A.R.D.S Principles" for career success.</p>

Built to Lead: 7 Management R.E.W.A.R.D.S Principles for Becoming a Top 10% Manager

Business & Money

Management & Leadership

Next Century Pub

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