By most accounts, Italian-style liberalism failed. Explanations of its failure vary from economic backwardness or a political culture shaped by autocracy to claims that liberals ruined their chances by pursuing nothing but narrow middle class interests. This study examines the liberal record to weigh the accuracy of these approaches. Ashley focuses on three controversial issues: public works, social reform, and public order. The railroads would test liberal commitment to laissez-faire, labor laws their pledge to protect all citizens, and dissent their allegiance to individual rights. In each case, liberals compromised their principles. What they decided defined the Italian variant of liberalism by transforming it from a doctrine to concrete practices and political behaviors.Particularly after 1890, liberals increasingly made empiricism the primary justification for policy and dismissed abstract principles as beneath notice. This shift helps explain why liberalism lost authority and credibility as a set of moral imperatives and as a coherent world view in Italy, as well as why it failed to offer most Italians a compelling alternative to either Socialsim or Fascism. Examining what liberals said and did, however, does not entirely support the despairing judgment of so many historians. Italian liberals managed to build a liberal state and to make it function against intransigent obstacles.

No More Telling as Teaching: Less Lecture, More Engaged Learning (NOT THIS, BUT THAT)

History

Keene, Ellin Oliver

Tovani, Cris

Moje, Elizabeth Birr

Duke, Nell K.

Europe

Heinemann

"This is a work of incredible scope: adventurous, ingratiating, challenging, genuinely groundbreaking, and gorgeously written. It will knock the socks off this profession." -Harvey Daniels Author of Subjects Matter and Content-Area Writing The renaissance in comprehension instruction launched by Mosaic of Thought has led to changes in hundreds of thousands of classrooms, where teachers now model reading strategies, and students probe meaning more deeply. But no book in the field has satisfactorily answered the question: What does it really mean to comprehend? In To Understand, Ellin Oliver Keene not only explores this important question, but reveals what teachers can do to encourage all students to engage in deep understanding far more consistently than before. In discovering what's really behind comprehension, To Understand goes well beyond comprehension strategy instruction. Keene identifies specific Dimensions and Outcomes of Understanding-characteristics identified in readers with a highly developed ability to make sense of text-to help you rethink what comprehension is. She demonstrates how to leverage the Dimensions and Outcomes into relevant, provocative, memorable instruction. To Understand proposes a model that incorporates all aspects of literacy instruction-word learning and comprehension-and describes how teachers can focus on what matters most in literacy content. Keene shows that when teachers target the most essential content, they have the time to help every student engage more deeply with texts and discover a passion for reading and learning. The model is founded on four simple, but powerful concepts: <ul>
<li>
Focus on what's important by teaching vital concepts in depth rather than skimming over nonessential skills </li> <li>
Use research-based teaching and learning strategies, including proven-effective comprehension and language-based strategies, then taking them further by showing students how the strategies lead them to a fuller understand of a text </li> <li>
Teach the essential concepts over a long period of time so that children have an opportunity to learn not only a comprehension strategy, but to explore where that strategy leads in their understanding </li> <li>
Give students numerous opportunities to apply the concepts in a variety of texts and contexts. </li> </ul> With To Understand in hand, you'll find new ways to draw out the innate intellectual interest in every student and spark dramatic improvements in literacy learning and comprehension, even among students who struggle. You'll see that by rethinking what it means to understand-by teaching children the Outcomes and Dimensions of understanding-you can help students exceed expectations while broadening your vision of their abilities, their capacity, and their energy for learning. There's still more-much more-to learn about comprehension. Read To Understand, join Ellin Oliver Keene, and discover that what's at the very core of comprehension can not only reinvigorate your teaching but take your students to new, uncharted levels of learning.

To Understand: New Horizons in Reading Comprehension

Miller, Debbie

Business & Money

<ul>
For those who devour Comprehending Math as I did, their teaching will be clearer, bolder, more connected. And for the ultimate beneficiaries, they will have a chance to understand just how integrally our world is connected. Ellin Oliver Keene, author of Mosaic of Thought </ul>
No matter the content area, students need to develop clear ways of thinking about and understanding what they learn. But this kind of conceptual thinking seems more difficult in math than in language arts and social studies. Fortunately we now know how to help kids understand more about mathematics than ever before, and in Comprehending Math you'll find out that much of math's conceptual difficulty can be alleviated by adapting what we have learned from research on language and cognition. In Comprehending Math Arthur Hyde (coauthor of the popular Best Practice) shows you how to adapt some of your favorite and most effective reading comprehension strategies to help your students with important mathematical concepts. Emphasizing problem solving, Hyde and his colleagues demonstrate how to build into your practice math-based variations of: <ul>
<li>K - W - L</li> <li>visualizing</li> <li>asking questions</li> <li>inferring</li> <li>predicting</li> <li>making connections</li> <li>determining importance</li> <li>synthesizing </li> </ul>
He then presents a practical way to "braid" together reading comprehension, math problemsolving, and thinking to improve math teaching and learning. Elaborating on this braided model of approach to problem solving, he shows how it can support planning as well as instruction. Comprehending Math is based on current cognitive research and features more than three dozen examples that range from traditional story problems to open-ended or extended-response problems and mathematical tasks. It gives you step-by-step ideas for instruction and smart, specific advice on planning strategy-based teaching. Help students do math and get it at the same time. Read Comprehending Math, use its adaptations of familiar language arts strategies, and discover how deeply students can understand math concepts and how well they can use that knowledge to solve problems.

Comprehending Math: Adapting Reading Strategies to Teach Mathematics, K-6

Education & Teaching

Hyde, Arthur

Schools & Teaching

"Traditional assessments often reveal very little about students' thinking. Nancy describes how activities that engage students in complex, multifaceted demonstrations of learning can transfer the responsibility to students to reveal the quality of their thinking while seamlessly helping them learn the content more deeply and lastingly." -Ellin Oliver Keene "There's an old saying that school is a place where young people go to watch old people work. Live assessments offer us a way to turn this backwards arrangement around. Live assessments reinforce vital subject matter while expanding kids' preparation and performance skills. They honor the learning goals you've set for your students while also reflecting the standards your state has mandated. They are rigorous yet offer students the opportunity for flexibility, creativity, and innovation. By now you should have one question left: How do I get started?" -Nancy Steineke Listen to a podcast of Nancy discussing Assessment Live! with Harvey "Smokey" Daniels. Acclaimed author and educator Nancy Steineke offers the definitive how-to handbook for implementing highly structured and productive assessment activities. Building on her 32 years of classroom experience, Nancy shows teachers how to balance their approach to assessment and easily incorporate performance projects into their curriculum. After chronicling the research and rationale behind live assessments, Nancy describes strategies that teachers can use to foster a supportive classroom culture where assessment activities and presentation skills flourish. The chapters that follow outline ten specific live assessments that can be used to personalize learning and help your students show what they know. Each chapter presents: <ul>
<li>the rationale for the activity </li> <li>lists of the reading, writing, and speaking/listening standards skills students will apply </li> <li>step-by-step support including samples of student work, tips for troubleshooting predictable problems, and strategies for adapting and modifying activities </li> <li>rubrics, scoring sheets, and other reproducibles for students </li> </ul>
Use Assessment Alive! and find out what your students really know.

Assessment Live!: 10 Real-Time Ways for Kids to Show What They Know--and Meet the Standards

Steineke, Nancy

Reading educationpioneer Ellin Oliver Keene demystifies comprehension instruction by describing what it can look like when readers comprehend deeply and what it can look like when teachers aim for this deep comprehension. This ground-breaking book is illustrated with video footage of Ellin modeling the reading instruction she describes. Here, you can watch Ellin use language and teaching moves that help students go beyond superficial reading comprehension to lasting understanding. Talk About Understanding offers: <ul>
<li>
"Outcomes of Understanding" Markers-descriptions of the behaviors present when children understand a text deeply including ways to assess with and teach toward these outcomes.</li> <li>
"Talk About Understanding" Principles-suggestions to modify teaching language and teaching interactions to deepen children's ability to comprehend.</li> <li>
"From the Inside" Video Segments-classroom footage of Ellin teaching lessons that illustrate use of the "Outcomes of Understanding" markers and "Talk About Understanding" principles from the book.</li> </ul>
Do your students understand their reading as deeply as they need to? Talk About Understanding has the guiding principles, the teaching suggestions, the carefully described outcomes, and the video support to help you teach your students how to comprehend, thoroughly and eagerly, the varied and complicated texts in the world around us.

Talk About Understanding: Rethinking Classroom Talk to Enhance Comprehension

"This is kids' ticket into an utterly different kind of vocabulary learning-an energy-juiced, falling in love with words. I wish I were back in school again, and my teacher had read this book." -Ellin Oliver Keene Any teacher who has challenged a sunny day with the phrase "vocabulary lesson" only to see a dark cloud descend over the room knows that students can be downright word resistant. Break out of the vocab doldrums once and for all with High Definition, a whole new approach to vocabulary instruction that's not just effective, but energizing, sociable, and fun. When kids envision a word as if it were a real person, with a unique voice and personality, they forever imprint the meaning of the word into their memories. Vocabulary lessons become anything but dull, and still blend seamlessly into your writing objectives. Veteran teacher-authors Sara Holbrook and Michael Salinger offer a powerful formula for getting even the most reluctant kids into the act: Well-chosen Words + Collaborative Discussion + Genre Writing + Performance = Strong Vocabulary Students are first given a choice of vocabulary words, then collaborate with their peers in small- group brainstorming discussions that lead to writing exercises in a variety of genres. Finally they share their work aloud, building community and understanding throughout the classroom. Everything you need to put High Definition into action is included: - Sample word lists give you an immediate starting place for choosing vocabulary words - Collaboration Cheat Sheets offer instant pre-write organizational help - Clear explanations of each genre include ways you can build on what kids already know in their lives - Student samples throughout provide inspiring examples of how students take the definition of words way beyond what's offered in dictionaries - Lesson Process Plans show you how to use writing, collaboration, and performance across genres and content areas. Help your kids build strong and lively vocabularies. Teach with High Definition and discover how to make words unforgettable.

High Definition: Unforgettable Vocabulary-Building Strategies Across Genres and Subjects

Reference

Holbrook, Sara

Salinger, Michael

Words, Language & Grammar

"The real genius of this book is that it is written by teachers, for teachers. All of the authors in this book know what classrooms are like. This means that authenticity and integrity pervade every chapter in the book. Teachers will immediately sense this authenticity on their way to realizing that the book offers an endless supply of useful suggestions." -From the Coda by P. David Pearson For those of us who teach comprehension strategies, Comprehension Going Forward is as near to the ultimate PD experience as we can get. Imagine a professional learning community where you could sit in as... <ul>
<li>
Ellin Keene and Debbie Miller swap best practices </li> <li>
Stephanie Harvey and Harvey "Smokey" Daniels compare instruction across the grades </li> <li>
Anne Goudvis and Tanny McGregor share ways to infuse comprehension into every subject area </li> <li>
Cris Tovani and Nancy Commins apply the strategies to help struggling readers, English learners, and special-needs students. </li> </ul>
 In Comprehension Going Forward, you'll meet up with 17 leading practitioners and researchers for an energetic, personal, and frequently irreverent conversation on what great comprehension instruction looks like, what an amazing range of applications it has for all students, and what we can do better. Not only do figures such as Susan Zimmerman and P. David Pearson include their own chapters, but, like any exciting conversation, they point out their favorite parts of one another's chapters-highlighting discussion topics for teacher study groups along the way. Read Comprehension Going Forward and RSVP to a get-together that no one who teaches reading will want to miss. Enter this powerful, lively conversation about how we can improve all readers' comprehension today and join some of your favorite authors as they reach for a tomorrow where every child reads with deep understanding. "Each author takes the comprehension strategies as a starting point, and then reaches out toward a different set of applications, extensions, and practices. But everyone is connected by the research base on comprehension instruction and by our common goal: to provide every child in America with an "All-Access Pass" to literacy." -From the editor's introduction by Harvey "Smokey" Daniels

Comprehension Going Forward: Where We Are and What's Next

Daniels, Harvey "Smokey"

Bennett, Samantha

Harvey, Stéphanie

Goudvis, Anne

Zimmermann, Susan

Hutchins, Chryse

Pearson, P. David

Buhrow, Brad

McGregor, Tanny

Cervetti, Gina

Blauman, Leslie

Larner, Marjorie

Upczak Garcia, Anne

Commins, Nancy L.

"When we give every student worksheets to learn phonics and spelling, we miss opportunities to get our students excited about words and fail to give them the opportunity to meet the high standards represented by the Common Core Standards. Our students need instruction that makes them think and helps them apply their word knowledge to real reading and writing situations." -Jennifer Palmer and Marcia Invernizzi We want students to be curious about how words work and develop strategies that work whether they are decoding words or spelling them. And our jobs would be easier if students couldn't wait for word study. Yet so many classrooms are stuck in the cycle of unengaging, one-size fits all phonics and spelling worksheets. Reading specialist Jennifer Palmer and literacy researcher Marcia Invernizzi offer better, more effective, more engaging practices. Their suggestions lead kids to not only make progress during word study but also to transfer what they learn about words to their reading and writing. No More Phonics and Spelling Worksheets show us: <ul>
<li>why skill-and-drill methods and worksheets cause children to struggle or disengage</li> <li>the kinds of teaching that research shows actually works</li> <li>instructional ideas for word study can put to use right away.</li> </ul>
"We can cast off one-size-fits-all factory instruction and try a more useful practice," write Jennifer and Marcia, "meeting each child where s/he is." Pick up No More Phonics and Spelling Worksheets, discover practices that better support literacy growth, and help everyone make progress.

No More Phonics and Spelling Worksheets (NOT THIS, BUT THAT)

Palmer, Jennifer

Invernizzi, Marcia

Everyone loves summer-except reading teachers. Kids take a vacation from books and those with limited access to books lose ground to their peers. You may have thought there's nothing you can do about it, but there is. No More Summer-Reading Loss shows how to ensure that readers continue to grow year round. School-based practitioners Carrie Cahill and Kathy Horvath join with renowned researchers Anne McGill-Franzen and Dick Allington to help you make summer readers out of every student. You'll stop summer-reading loss as they help you: <ul>
<li>identify practices that inadvertently contribute to it</li> <li>understand the research on its implications and its prevention</li> <li>take research-based action with 8 instructional strategies.</li> </ul>
Building independence. Keeping kids on grade-level. Closing the achievement gap. These are just a few of the valuable outcomes that No More Summer-Reading Loss can support. Most importantly, it will help you pass on a love of reading that knows no season and gives readers confidence when they return in the fall. About the Not This, But That Series No More Summer-Reading Loss is part of the Not This, But That series, edited by Nell K. Duke and Ellin Oliver Keene. It helps teachers examine common, ineffective classroom practices and replace them with practices supported by research and professional wisdom. In each book a practicing educator and an education researcher identify an ineffective practice; summarize what the research suggests about why; and detail research-based, proven practices to replace it and improve student learning. Read a sample chapter from No More Summer-Reading Loss.

No More Summer-Reading Loss (NOT THIS, BUT THAT)

Allington, Richard L.

McGill-Franzen, Anne

Cahill, Carrie

Horvath, Kathy

"What if there was a time when things slowed down? No rotations, activities, or worksheets-just you, your kids, and books. Would you take it?" -Debbie Miller and Barbara Moss We know children learn to read by reading. Is independent reading valuable enough to use precious classroom minutes on? Yes, writes Debbie Miller and Barbara Moss, but only if that time is purposeful. DEAR and SSR aren't enough. Research shows that independent reading must be accompanied by intentional instruction and conferring. Debbie and Barbara clear a path for you to take informed action that makes a big difference, with: <ul>
<li>a rationale for independent reading that's worth finding the time for</li> <li>research evidence on its effectiveness and instructional best practices</li> <li>a framework with 10 teaching tactics for starting and sustaining success.</li> </ul>
"When we set children loose day after day with no focus or support, it can lead to fake reading and disengagement," write Debbie and Barbara. "It's our job to equip children with the tools they need when we're not there." Read No More Independent Reading Without Support and find out how. About the Not This, But That Series No More Independent Reading Without Support is part of the Not This, But That series, edited by Nell K. Duke and Ellin Oliver Keene. It helps teachers examine common, ineffective classroom practices and replace them with practices supported by research and professional wisdom. In each book a practicing educator and an education researcher identify an ineffective practice; summarize what the research suggests about why; and detail research-based, proven practices to replace it and improve student learning. Read a sample chapter from No More Independent Reading Without Support.

No More Independent Reading Without Support (NOT THIS, BUT THAT)

Moss, Barbara

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Books by Keene, Ellin Oliver