Labor market economics

Business & Money

Hoffman, Saul D.

Economics

PRENTICE/HALL

'Women and the Economy' takes a balanced approach to exploring the issues facing women in today's society - work, pay, and family - from a modern economic perspective. It is appropriate for students with a principles of economics or an intermediate microeconomics background.

Women and the Economy: Family, Work, and Pay

Averett, Susan

Addison-Wesley

Women and the Economy uses the tools of contemporary economics to examine different aspects of women’s lives, from the labor market to family policy and structure. Economic theory is blended with empirical research and policy issues to explore the changes in the lives of American women in the twenty-first century. Women and the Economy—Introduction; Economics Tools and Economic Thinking; Marriage and the Family—An Economic Approach; Marriage and the Family—Economic Issues and Applications; The Economics of Fertility; Nonmarital and Teen Fertility; Women at Work; Women’s Earnings, Occupation, and Education—An Overview; The Gender Gap in Earnings: Explanations; The Gender Gap in Earnings: Methods and Evidence; Women's Employment and Earnings: Policy; Poverty, Welfare, and Women; Women, Taxes, and Social Security; Family Policy; Women in Developing Countries. For all readers interested in the effects of rising wages for women, the economic impacts of divorce, the child quantity-quality distinction, marriage subsidies, and the childcare market.

Women and the Economy: Family, Work, and Pay (2nd Edition)

Years of Poverty, Years of Plenty: The Changing Economic Fortunes of American Workers and Families (An Institute for Social Research Publication)

Politics & Social Sciences

Duncan, Greg J.

Hill, Martha S.

Coe, Richard D.

Corcoran, Mary E.

Sociology

Univ of Michigan Pr

Teen childbearing in the United States has been declining since 1991, yet we consistently have the highest teen birth rates in the industrialized world. In 1997, Kids Having Kids was the first comprehensive effort to identify the consequences of teen childbearing for the mothers, the fathers, the children, and our society. Rather than simply comparing teen mothers with their childless counterparts, the assembled researchers achieved a new methodological sophistication, seeking to isolate the birth itself from the mother’s circumstances and thus discover its true costs. This updated second edition features a new chapter evaluating teen pregnancy interventions, along with revised and updated versions of most first edition chapters.

Kids Having Kids: Economic Costs and Social Consequences of Teen Pregnancy (Urban Institute Press)

Maynard, Rebecca A.

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

It's rare that one of the nation's income transfer programs finds favor among both liberals and conservatives, but the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) has done just that. Administered by the Internal Revenue Service, the EITC rewards low- to moderate-income individuals and families with a significant refundable credit even if they owe little or no taxes. Conservatives find the EITC's work requirement appealing, while liberals see the program as a source of cash assistance for the working poor. No wonder, then, that the EITC has grown to become the centerpiece of the nation's antipoverty programs. 
In Helping Working Families: The Earned Income Tax Credit, Saul D. Hoffman and Laurence S. Seidman offer an up-to-date assessment of the EITC in which they analyze, evaluate, summarize, and critique the current state of the program. The authors find that, overall, the EITC works well, and that it has earned its political popularity. Yet they also uncover several problem areas that they address with specific recommendations based on their analysis. 
Hoffman and Seidman point to four facets of the EITC that seem inconsistent with the intent of the program. First, it penalizes work among workers with income at the high end of the EITC schedule. Adding the EITC "phase-out" rate of 21 percent to federal income tax and the payroll tax yields a total marginal tax rate of approximately 50 percent, a rate high enough to discourage work among married couples with moderate incomes. Next, the EITC imposes substantial marriage penalties. For instance, if a full-time minimum wage worker marries a full-time minimum wage worker with two children, they suffer a penalty of more than $1,600 compared to what they would have received if they had remained single. The EITC also leaves larger families with low-wage workers stuck in poverty. A married couple with two children and a single wage earner working full-time at $6.50 per hour is still poor even after adding in their $4,000 EITC income. Finally, the EITC eligibility criteria are very complex, especially regarding whether a household has "a qualifying child" and thus is eligible for more generous benefits. 
The good news, according to the authors, is that these problems are not independent of each other. In fact, they point out that a revision to improve one of the shortcomings listed above may contribute to the solution of the others. By recommending 1) a reduction in the current EITC phase-out rate for a family with two or more children, 2) the establishment of a separate, more generous EITC schedule for married couples, and 3) a new rate schedule for families with three or more children, Hoffman and Seidman feel that the nation can take a good program and make it even better.

Helping Working Families: The Earned Income Tax Credit

Seidman, Laurence S.

Accounting

W E Upjohn Inst for

This textbook presents a comprehensive analysis of the enormous changes in women's economic lives around the world, from the family to the labor market. Hoffman and Averett examine a range of fascinating topics such as the effect of rising women's wages and improved labor market opportunities on marriage, the ways in which more reliable contraception has shaped women's adult lives and careers, and the forces behind the phenomenal rise in women's labor force activity. This fourth edition addresses important topics of discussion through brand new chapters on gender in economics and race and gender in the USA. It incorporates the latest research findings throughout, many of which are featured in helpful call-out boxes, and illustrated with new graphs and figures. This is invaluable reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students of economics, development and women's studies. The level of economic analysis is suitable for students with basic economics knowledge. New to this Edition: - New chapters on gender in economics and race and gender in economics. - Fully updated with new data, policy examples and a new companion website with lecturer resources. - Increased pedagogy, withover 30 new boxes. - Policy has been integrated into the main chapters so that connections are clearer. - Intersectional approach.

Women and the Economy: Family, Work and Pay

Averett, Susan L.

Bloomsbury Academic

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