Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani: Great BritainVolume I Fascicule 2: Bath and the Rest of Wessex

Arts & Photography

CUNLIFFE, Barry

Fulford, PRof. Michael

Sculpture

Oxford University Press

This is a chronological and thematic description of the  excavation of parts of the Calleva defences, followed by  descriptions of the finds and specialist reports by various  contributors, in particular that by Michael Fulford himself on  the Roman pottery. The third part analyses the long-term field  survey work and the aerial photographs of settlement around  Silchester.

Silchester: Excavations on the Defences 1974-80 (Britannia Monographs)

History

Ancient Civilizations

Roman Society Publications

This companion volume to Britannia Monographs Nos. 5 & 15 throws new light on one of the principal monuments of Roman Silchester and examines the functions of urban and military amphitheatres in Britain.

The Silchester Amphitheatre: Excavations of 1979-85 (Britannia Monographs)

The Society of Antiquaries' excavation of Silchester's Insula IX in 1893-4 left most of the stratigraphy undisturbed. A new programme of work has shown that the Insula underwent radical change, c. AD 250/300, with the construction of new workshop and residential buildings on the orientation of the Roman street-grid, following the demolition of mid-Roman buildings arranged on different, pre- and early Roman alignments. The plans of several properties and individual buildings were recovered, and analysis of the rich range of artefactual and biological data has allowed a detailed and differentiated characterisation of the life and occupations of the inhabitants in the 4th century. The context of the 5th century ogham-inscibed stone is explored and the history of the insula is followed into the 5th/6th century.

Life and Labour in Late Roman Silchester: Excavations in Insula IX since 1997 (Britannia Monographs)

Clarke, Amanda

Eckhardt, Hella

Characterising urban life, City in Transition is the second volume reporting on the archaeology of the continuing excavation of Silchester Insula IX, taking the story down to the early 2nd century. In describing the evidence for the occupation of the 2nd and 3rd centuries it follows on from Life and Labour in Late Roman Silchester (2006), which published the late Roman occupation. Geochemical and micromorphological analyses inform the interpretation of the use of space within buildings and, together with the study of an abundant material culture and environmental record, provide a rich characterisation of the houses and their occupants. The report sheds important light on the urban condition, debating such themes as population density, status, occupation, diet and domestic ritual.

Silchester: City in Transition: The Mid-Roman Occupation of Insula IX c. A.D. 125-250/300. A report on excavations undertaken since 1997 (Britannia Monographs)

The late Iron Age oppidum of Calleva underlies the Roman town at Silchester. Excavation (1997-2014) of a large area (0.3ha) of Insula IX revealed evidence of a rectilinear, NE/SW-NW/SE-oriented layout of the interior of the oppidum, dating from 20/10BC, with the remains of the larger part of one compound separated from its neighbors by fenced trackways. Within the compound was a large, 47.5m long hall surrounded by smaller, rectangular buildings associated with groups of rubbish pits. A concluding discussion characterizes the oppidum, integrating and contextualizing a series of major contributions reporting the pre-conquest finds and environmental evidence with the structural story.Table of ContentsList of FiguresList of TablesAcknowledgementsPrefaceSECTION 1 – THE SITEChapter 1. Introduction (Michael Fulford)Chapter 2. The excavation (Michael Fulford, Amanda Clarke and Nicholas Pankhurst)SECTION 2 – THE FINDSChapter 3. Introduction and the prehistoric finds (Michael Fulford, Richard Bradley, Emma Durham)Chapter 4. The Iron Age coins (Colin Haselgrove)Chapter 5. The brooches (Nina Crummy)Chapter 6. The small finds (Nina Crummy)Chapter 7. The glass (Hilary Cool)Chapter 8. The pottery (Jane Timby, Joanna Bird)Chapter 9. The pre-conquest arretine wares (Joanna Bird)Chapter 10. Organic residue analysis of ceramic vessels (A.C. Colonese, A. Lucquin and O.E. Craig)Chapter 11. The querns (Emma Durham)Chapter 12. Other ceramics (Jane Timby)Chapter 13. The metalworking (John Allen)Chapter 14. The coin moulds (John Allen)SECTION 3 – ENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCEChapter 15. The animal bone (Claire Ingrem, Kate Clark)Chapter 16. The insects (Mark Robinson)Chapter 17. The charred and waterlogged plant remains (Lisa Lodwick)Chapter 18. Charcoal and waterlogged wood (Catherine Barnett)Chapter 19. The pollen (Alex Brown)Chapter 20. The phytoliths (Sarah Elliott)Chapter 21. Radiocarbon dating (Catherine Barnett)Chapter 22. The geochemistry (Samantha Cook)Chapter 23. The micromorphology (Rowena Banerjea)SECTION 4 – DISCUSSIONChapter 24. (Michael Fulford)Appendix 1. The small finds (Nina Crummy)Appendix 2. The pottery (Jane Timby)Appendix 3. The Arretine stamps (Joanna Bird)Appendix 4. The querns (Emma Durham)Appendix 5. The animal bone (Claire Ingrem)Appendix 6. The plant remains (Lisa Lodwick)Appendix 7. The wood and charcoal (Catherine Barnett)Appendix 8. The geochemistry (Samantha Cook)BibliographyIndex

Late Iron Age Calleva: The Pre-Conquest Occupation at Silchester Insula IX: Volume 3 - Silchester Roman Town: The Insula IX Town Life Project (Britannia Monographs)

Durham, Emma

Pankhurst, Nicholas

This final volume of New Visions of the Countryside of Roman Britain focuses upon the people of rural Roman Britain – how they looked, lived, interacted with the material and spiritual worlds surrounding them, and also how they died and what their physical remains can tell us. Many previous syntheses of life and death in Roman Britain have drawn mostly upon data from urban or military settings with rural life being limited to the elite residing in villas. Thanks largely to the increase in new information resulting from developer-funded excavations over the past thirty years, this situation has now changed so that we can place the spotlight firmly on the mass of the rural population living in farmsteads and nucleated settlements across the Roman province. This is a world that has rarely been explored before and provides a picture of the countryside of Roman Britain that is – for the most part – far removed from the bucolic scenes of villa-life. The six main chapters in this volume each tackle a different theme relating to life and death in the countryside of Roman Britain, all combining to facilitate construction of a broad social archaeology of the province. Overall the analyses indicate a geographically and socially diverse society influenced by pre-existing cultural traditions and degrees of social connectivity between settlements. There is no doubt that incorporation into the Roman Empire brought with it a great deal of social change though it would appear that this change was largely to the detriment of many of those living in the countryside. Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION by Michael Fulford CHAPTER 2: PERSONAL APPEARANCE IN THE COUNTRYSIDE OF ROMAN BRITAIN by Tom Brindle CHAPTER 3: LIFESTYLE AND THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT by Alexander Smith with Tom Brindle Michael Fulford and Lisa Lodwick CHAPTER 4: THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF ANIMALS AND EXPLOITATION OF WILD RESOURCES by Martyn Allen CHAPTER 5: RELIGION AND THE RURAL POPULATION by Alexander Smith with contributions by Martyn Allen Tom Brindle and Lisa Lodwick CHAPTER 6: DEATH IN THE COUNTRYSIDE: RURAL BURIAL PRACTICES by Alexander Smith with contributions by Martyn Allen and Lisa Lodwick CHAPTER 7: THE RURAL POPULATION by Anna Rohnbogner CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSIONS by Alexander Smith and Michael Fulford

Life and Death in the Countryside of Roman Britain: New Visions of the Countryside of Roman Britain: Volume 3 (Britannia Monographs)

Smith, Alexander

Allen, Martyn

Lodwick, Lisa

Brindle, Tom

Previously suspected on the basis of a tile stamped with the name and titles of the Emperor Nero found alongside other brick and tile in the ploughsoil, excavation of two tile kilns at Little London near Silchester, Hampshire confirmed production during the reign of Nero. In addition to the manufacture of standard bricks and roofing materials, the kilns produced the more specialist materials required for building bath houses. Work on the fabrics and distinctive, roller-stamped flue-tiles show that products reached a wide variety of destinations between Cirencester, some 100km to the north-west, and Chichester, on the south coast, though Silchester appears to have been the main market and is the only location where Nero-stamped tile has so far been found. A suggestion is made linking the stamped tile to the visit to Britain by the emperor's trusted freedman, Polyclitus in the aftermath of the Boudican revolt. An unexpected discovery was the ancillary production from at least three pottery kilns of a wide range of pre-Flavian domestic wares, so far only identified in Silchester and its environs. Alongside the publication of the kilns there are illustrated catalogues of the complete range of brick and tile types produced as well as of the pottery. Other reports include analysis of the fuels used and a suite of radiocarbon dates which support the pottery evidence for production ceasing in the early Flavian period. Analysis of the numerous animal foot-impressions on the bricks presents one aspect of the environment of the kilns.

The Emperor Nero's Pottery and Tilery at Little London, Pamber, by Silchester, Hampshire: The Excavations of 2017 (Britannia Monograph)

Silchester Insula IX: Oppidum to Roman City c. A.D. 85-125/150: Final Report on the Excavations 1997-2014 (Britannia Monograph)

Silchester Revealed: The Iron Age and Roman Town of Calleva

With its apparently complete town plan, revealed by the Society of Antiquaries of London's great excavation project, 1890-1909, Silchester is one of the best known towns in Roman Britain and the Roman world more widely. Since the 1970s excavations by the author and the University of Reading on several sites including the amphitheatre, the defences, the forum basilica, the public baths, a temple and an extensive area of an entire insula, as well as surveys of the suburbs and immediate hinterland, have radically increased our knowledge of the town and its development over time from its origins to its abandonment. This research has discovered the late Iron Age oppidum and allowed us to characterise the nature of the settlement with its strong Gallic connections and widespread political and trading links across southern Britain, to Gaul and to southern Europe and the Mediterranean. Following a review of the evidence for the impact of the Roman conquest of A.D. 43/44, the settlement's transformation into a planned Roman city is traced, and its association with the Emperor Nero is explored. With the re-building in masonry of the great forum basilica in the early second century, the city reached the peak of its physical development. Defence building, first in earthwork, then in stone in the later third century are major landmarks of the third century, but the town can be shown to have continued to flourish, certainly up to the early fifth century and the end of the Roman administration of Britain. The enigma of the Silchester ogham stone is explored and the story of the town and its transformation to village is taken up to the fourteenth century. Modern archaeological methods have allowed us to explore a number of themes demonstrating change over time, notably the built and natural environments of the town, the diet, dress, health, leisure activities, living conditions, occupations and ritual behaviour of the inhabitants, and the role of the town as communications centre, economic hub and administrative centre of the tribal 'county' of the Atrebates.

Windgather Press

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