During the 1990's a number of countries in Latin America including Argentina, Bolivia and Chile, developed policies focused on utility sector liberalization through increased private sector participation. This focus resulted from the recognition that overall quality and availability of services were inadequate. Infrastructure reform is inexorably linked to poverty alleviation and therefore must be carefully constructed and enacted. This book provides practical guidelines and options for infrastructure reform that result in access and affordability for the poor. Accounting for Poverty in Infrastructure Reform: Learning from Latin America's Experience includes analysis of the trade-offs that must be made between efficiency, equity, and fiscal costs of the options. It includes a new model for reform that consists of three main components - policies, regulation, and provision which when properly balanced minimize the risks associated with reform.

Accounting for Poverty in Infrastructure Reform: Learning from Latin America's Experience (WBI Development Studies)

Business & Money

Wodon, Quentin

Foster, Vivien

Estache, Antonio

Economics

World Bank Publications

While consumer utility subsidies are widespread in both the water and electricity sectors, their effectiveness in reaching and distributing resources to the poor is the subject of much debate. 'Water, Electricity, and the Poor' brings together empirical evidence on subsidy performance across a wide range of countries. It documents the prevalence of consumer subsidies, provides a typology of the many variants found in the developing world, and presents a number of indicators useful in assessing the degree to which such subsidies benefit the poor, focusing on three key concepts: beneficiary incidence, benefit incidence, and materiality.

Water, Electricity, and the Poor: Who Benefits from Utility Subsidies? (Directions in Development)

Komives, Kristin

Halpern, Jonathan

Infrastructure plays a key role in fostering growth and productivity and has been linked to improved earnings, health, and education levels for the poor. Yet Latin America and the Caribbean are currently faced with a dangerous combination of relatively low public and private infrastructure investment. Those investment levels must increase, and it can be done. If Latin American and Caribbean governments are to increase infrastructure investment in politically feasible ways, it is critical that they learn from experience and have an accurate idea of future impacts. This book contributes to this aim by producing what is arguably the most comprehensive privatization impact analysis in the region to date, drawing on an extremely comprehensive dataset.

The Impact of Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure: Lights, Shadows, and the Road Ahead (Latin American Development Forum)

Guasch, J. Luis

Andrés, Luis A.

Haven, Thomas

In recent years, a number of emerging economies has begun to play a growing role in the finance of infrastructure in Sub-Saharan Africa. Their combined resource flows are now comparable in scale to traditional Official Development Assistance from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries or to capital from private investors. These non-OECD financiers include China, India, and the Gulf States, with China the largest player by far. Despite the importance of Chinese infrastructure finance in Africa, relatively little is known about the overall value and destination of financing. The authors of 'Building Bridges' quantify the magnitude of financial flows from China by collating public information from a wide range of Chinese language sources. From these data, they document the geographic distribution of resources, the types of infrastructure involved, the size and financing terms of the projects, and the methods through which finance is being provided. The growth of China and other non-OECD players as important financiers represents an encouraging trend for Africa, given the magnitude of its infrastructure deficit. The investments made by these nations are unprecedented both in scale and in their focus on large-scale infrastructure projects. With new actors and new approaches to financing, there is a learning process ahead for borrowers and financiers, both new and old. 'Building Bridges' summarizes the issues involved in this learning curve, including developing the national capacity to negotiate complex and innovative deals, and to enforce appropriate environmental and social standards for project development.

Building Bridges: China's Growing Role as Infrastructure Financier for Sub-Saharan Africa (5) (Trends and Policy Options (PPIAF))

Butterfield, William

Chen, Chuan

Pushak, Nataliya

This book aims to revisit and refresh thinking on power sector reform in the developing world. Drawing on a wealth of historical evidence, and informed by emerging technological trends, the study offers practitioners a new frame of reference that is shaped by context, driven by outcomes and informed by alternatives.

Rethinking Power Sector Reform in the Developing World (Sustainable Infrastructure)

Rana, Anshul

Fiscal risks associated with infrastructure are both more frequent and larger than previously assumed. Off the Books: Understanding and Mitigating the Fiscal Risks of Infrastructure quantifies the magnitude and prevalence of these risks in electricity and transport and identifies their root causes across a range of low- and middle-income countries.

Off the Books: Understanding and Mitigating the Fiscal Risks of Infrastructure (Sustainable Infrastructure)

Arts & Photography

Musacchio, Aldo

Herrera Dappe, Matías

Ter-Minassian, Teresa

Turkgulu, Burak

History & Criticism

This report sheds light on the economics of electric mobility transition by addressing three questions: why is electric mobility for passenger transportation relevant to the developing world; when does it make sense to proactively pursue the transition; and how can policymakers accelerate adoption of electric passenger vehicles.

The Economics of Electric Vehicles for Passenger Transportation (Sustainable Infrastructure)

Briceno-Garmendia, Cecilia

Qiao, Wenxin

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Books by Foster, Vivien