Almost every schoolchild learns that Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. But did he? And if he hadn’t invented it, would we be still living in the dark? Acclaimed author Matt Ridley (The Rational Optimist, The Evolution of Everything) explains that at least 20 other people can lay claim to this breakthrough moment. Ridley argues that the light bulb emerged from the combined technologies and accumulated knowledge of the day – it was bound to emerge sooner or later. Based on his 2018 Hayek Memorial Lecture, Ridley contends that innovation – from invention through to development and commercialisation – is the most important unsolved problem in all of human society. We rely on it – but we do not fully understand it, we cannot predict it and we cannot direct it. In How Many Light Bulbs Does It Take to Change the World? Ridley examines the nature of innovation – and how people often fear its consequences. He dispels the myth that automation destroys jobs – and demonstrates how innovation leads to economic growth. And he argues that intellectual property rights, originally intended to encourage innovation, are now being used by big business to defend their monopolies. Ridley concludes that innovation is a mysterious and under-appreciated process that we discuss too rarely, hamper too much and value too little.

How Many Light Bulbs Does It Take to Change the World?

Business & Money

Davies author of The Wealth Explosion: The Nature and Origins of Modernity, Stephen

Ridley author of How Innovation Works: And Why It Flourishes in Freedom, Matt

Economics

Institute Of Economic Affairs

The Covid-19 pandemic was, and remains, a global disaster - claiming countless lives and wreaking economic havoc that still reverberates today. But it could have been worse. Much worse. Author Stephen Davies contends the planet 'dodged a bullet' this time around. But he warns this was no black swan event: The conflicts in the Ukraine and the Middle East already threaten global stability. And the next existential threat to mankind could happen much sooner than we think - with the chances of it happening increasing exponentially. Here he analyses the potential catastrophes - from nuclear war and climate change to further pandemics, the misuse of Artificial Intelligence and more - that could jeopardise our planet and its people. In this fascinating and at times frightening work, he examines how we assess these risks - and what we can do about them. But Davies is no Jeremiah. He firmly believes the ingenuity, imagination and innovation of millions of people around the world will ultimately secure mankind's continued existence.

Apocalypse Next: The Economics of Global Catastrophic Risks

International Atomic Energy Agency

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Books by Davies author of The Wealth Explosion: The Nature and Origins of Modernity, Stephen