How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe? (Oxford Series on Cognitive Models and Architectures)

"The question for me is how can the human mind occur in the physical universe. We now know that the world is governed by physics. We now understand the way biology nestles comfortably within that. The issue is how will the mind do that as well."--Allen Newell, December 4, 1991, Carnegie Mellon University The argument John Anderson gives in this book was inspired by the passage above, from the last lecture by one of the pioneers of cognitive science. Newell describes what, for him, is the pivotal question of scientific inquiry, and Anderson gives an answer that is emerging from the study of brain and behavior. Humans share the same basic cognitive architecture with all primates, but they have evolved abilities to exercise abstract control over cognition and process more complex relational patterns. The human cognitive architecture consists of a set of largely independent modules associated with different brain regions. In this book, Anderson discusses in detail how these various modules can combine to produce behaviors as varied as driving a car and solving an algebraic equation, but focuses principally on two of the modules: the declarative and procedural. The declarative module involves a memory system that, moment by moment, attempts to give each person the most appropriate possible window into his or her past. The procedural module involves a central system that strives to develop a set of productions that will enable the most adaptive response from any state of the modules. Newell argued that the answer to his question must take the form of a cognitive architecture, and Anderson organizes his answer around the ACT-R architecture, but broadens it by bringing in research from all areas of cognitive science, including how recent work in brain imaging maps onto the cognitive architecture.

Health, Fitness & Dieting

Anderson, John R.

Mental Health

Oxford University Press

Politics & Social Sciences

Philosophy

A clear introduction to LISP, its functions and applications to artificial intelligence. Readers learning LISP on their PCs to researchers and programmers in industry and the military will find this book well suited to a self-study environment.

Essential Lisp

Computers & Technology

Corbett, Albert

Reiser, Brian J.

Programming Languages

Addison-Wesley

A very wide range of catalytic conversions find industrial use in organic process chemistry. The scale of the ope­ rations varies enormously from very high volume pro­ cesses to specialty chemical preparations. Many of these processes are functional group conversions or class reac­ tions, and the more important of these will receive detailed treatment in specific chapters throughout this series. Nevertheless, the scope is very broad, and it is all too easy for the non-specialist to become lost in a large volume of detail. To try to avoid this, the first chapter in this volume, by Dr. Paul N. Rylander provides a working summary of the more important catalytic con­ versions of this type. In doing this, he also gives some valuable comments about catalyst selection, together with an indication of the reaction conditions used in practice, the more important of the problems usually encountered, and comments about the most important of the mechanistic features. It has long been recognized that an understanding of the chemical nature of solid surfaces is fundamental to an understanding of catalytic processes which may take place upon them. This question may be approached in two distinct ways. One is via surface crystallography which focuses attention upon long range order. The second concentrates upon the concept of the surface functional group where attention is mainly upon the chemistry characteristic of a particular localized atomic arrangement at the surface. In practice, of course, there exists a continuum between these idealized extremes.

Catalysis: Science and Technology

Science & Math

Chemistry

Springer, Verlag

The cognitive movement of the 1960s led to a separation of learning and memory research. Learning research continued on animals, while human memory became a major part of cognitive psychology. Over the last decade, research on these two areas has been moving closer together as researchers understand both the cognitive and behavioural aspects. Most of the phenomena in animal learning and human memory can be understood as an adaptive response of the organism to the nature of its environment. This study is based on the integration of learning research on animals and memory research on humans. It contains a chapter on the neural bases of learning and demonstrates the adaptive character of learning and memory. Throughout the book there are discussions of new research on the biological bases of learning.

Learning and Memory: An Integrated Approach

Psychology & Counseling

John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

From one of the leading researchers in the field of human memory comes the new edition of a truly integrative perspective on learning and memory! Rather than forge a simple synthesis, Anderson integrates learning research on animals and memory research on humans without distorting the character of either one. The result is a more complete picture of learning, including material on skill acquisition, inductive learning, and applications to education.

John Wiley&Sons, Inc.

Reviews the history of learning and memory research. Describes ideas and paradigms that have dominated the field and why they became prominent. Surveys the current state of these two areas, identifying exciting opportunities for synthesis of ideas. Integrates learning research on animals and memory research on humans. Includes a unique chapter on the neural basis of learning.

wiley

Now available in paper, The Architecture of Cognition is a classic work that remains relevant to theory and research in cognitive science. The new version of Anderson's theory of cognitive architecture -- Adaptive Control of Thought (ACT*) -- is a theory of the basic principles of operation built into the cognitive system and is the main focus of the book.

Architecture of Cognition

Harvard University Press

Does a knowledge of Latin facilitate the learning of computer programming? Does skill in geometry make it easier to learn music? The issue of the transfer of learning from one domain to another is a classic problem in psychology as well as an educational question of great importance, which this ingenious new book sets out to solve through a theory of transfer based on a comprehensive theory of skill acquisition.
The question was first studied systematically at the turn of the century by the noted psychologist Edward L. Thorndike, who proposed a theory of transfer based on common elements in two different tasks. Since then, psychologists of different theoretical orientations―verbal learning, gestalt, and information processing―have addressed the transfer question with differing and inconclusive results. Mark Singley and John Anderson resurrect Thorndike’s theory of identical elements, but in a broader context and from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Making use of a powerful knowledge-representation language, they recast his elements into units of procedural and declarative knowledge in the ACT* theory of skill acquisition. One skill will transfer to another, they argue, to the extent that it involves the same productions or the same declarative precursors. They show that with production rules, transfer can be localized to specific components―in keeping with Thorndike’s theory―and yet still be abstract and mentalistic.
The findings of this book have important implications for psychology and the improvement of teaching. They will interest cognitive scientists and educational psychologists, as well as computer scientists interested in artificial intelligence and cognitive modeling.

The Transfer of Cognitive Skill (Cognitive Science Series)

Singley, Mark K.

See the best price to sell, buy, or rent books by Anderson, John R.. BookScouter helps to compare book prices from 25+ online bookstores and 30+ buyback vendors with a single search.

Books by Anderson, John R.

See the best price to sell, buy, or rent books by Anderson, John R.. BookScouter helps to compare book prices from 25+ online bookstores and 30+ buyback vendors with a single search.

How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe? (Oxford Series on Cognitive Models and Architectures)

How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe? (Oxford Series on Cognitive Models and Architectures)

Essential Lisp

Catalysis: Science and Technology

Learning and Memory: An Integrated Approach

Learning and Memory: An Integrated Approach

Learning and Memory: An Integrated Approach

Architecture of Cognition

Architecture of Cognition

The Transfer of Cognitive Skill (Cognitive Science Series)